打磨车间细颗粒物空间分布规律研究

Study on spatial distribution law of fine particulate in grinding workshop

为探求打磨车间自然通风条件下的细颗粒扩散分布规律,以打磨车间为研究对象,根据气固两相流理论,基于fluent软件,利用数值模拟方法模拟自然通风方式下打磨车间1~10 m的钢尘颗粒的空间分布规律。研究结果表明:模拟结果与实际数据相对比,偏差为5.54%~7.76%,吻合度高;在自然通风条件下,作业人员长时间停留处呼吸带高度的粉尘质量浓度高达10.69~14.91 mg/m3;钢尘自打磨面脱离后随风流向车间上部运移,粉尘在接触车间顶部后发生偏移部分粉尘被储物区的涡流、回流流场捕获;相邻打磨台之间存在流场叠加效应;细颗粒粉尘因车间内风流与外界交换效率低而长时间滞留在车间。该研究可为控制打磨作业粉尘浓度、避免因粉尘浓度过高而引起职业病危害,并为设计最优的除尘方案提供基础数据。

The spatial distribution of steel dust particles of 1~10 m in the grinding workshop was simulated by a numerical simulation method based on fluent software in accordance with the gas-solid two-phase flow theory in order to investigate the distribution of fine particles in the grinding workshop under natural ventilation.According to the findings,there is a high degree of agreement between the simulation results and the actual data,with a deviation between the two of 5.54%to 7.76%.Under natural ventilation conditions,the dust concentration at the height of the breathing zone,where the operator spends a lot of time,can reach 10.69 to 14.91 mg/m3.The steel dust is transported to the upper part of the workshop with the wind flow after detaching from the grinding surface,and the dust is partially deflected after touching the top of the workshop.The dust is captured by the vortex and return flow field in the storage area.There is a superposition effect of flow field between adjacent grinding tables.Fine particles of dust remain in the workshop for a long time due to the low exchange efficiency between the air flow in the workshop and the outside world.This study can provide basic data for controlling the dust concentration in grinding operations to avoid occupational disease hazards caused by high dust concentration,and for designing the optimal dust removal scheme.