黄河上游地区绿色发展水平评价与区域差异分析

Evaluation of Green Development Level and Analysis of Regional Differences in the Upper Reaches of the Yellow River

为给相关部门推动黄河流域经济与生态协调发展提供决策参考,选取2010—2020年面板数据,从增长质量、资源消耗、环境治理、社会生活、科研创新5个维度(一级指标)构建了黄河上游地区绿色发展水平评价指标体系,运用熵权综合指数法测评黄河上游及其四省(区)绿色发展水平,解析绿色发展水平的时序特征与区域差异。结果表明:从时序变化看,2010年以来黄河上游绿色发展水平呈稳定上升态势,到2020年绿色发展一级指标评价值从大到小依次为社会生活、资源消耗、科研创新、增长质量、环境治理;从区域差异看,2010—2020年黄河上游四省(区)绿色发展水平评价值呈稳定增大趋势,但仍存在上升空间,内蒙古的均值最大(为0.538),青海的均值最小(为0.346);从区域内部差异看,内蒙古绿色发展的短板是资源消耗较多,宁夏的社会生活水平较低、资源消耗较多,甘肃的增长质量水平低是绿色发展的最大障碍,青海的社会生活、科研创新、环境治理水平偏低。因此,黄河上游地区应提高增长质量和环境治理水平,实施差异化绿色发展提升措施,促进绿色转型。

In order to provide decision-making reference for promoting coordinative development of economy and ecology in the Yellow River Basin,this paper selected panel data from 2010 to 2020,built an indicator system from five levels of growth quality,resources consumption,environmental governance,social life,and scientific research and innovation,used the entropy weight comprehensive index method to evaluate the green development level of the upper reaches of the Yellow River and its four provinces and regions,and analyzed the temporal characteristics and regional differences of the green development level.The results show that from the perspective of temporal variation,the green development level of the upper reaches of the Yellow River has increased steadily since 2010,and by 2020,the criteria level scores are social life,resources consumption,scientific research innovation,growth quality and environmental governance.From the perspective of regional differences,the green development level of the four provinces and regions in the upper reaches of the Yellow River shows a stable and positive trend from 2010 to 2020,but there is still room for improvement.Inner Mongolia scores the highest(0.538)and Qinghai scores the lowest(0.346).From the perspective of internal differences,the weakness of green development in Inner Mongolia is the high consumption of resources.The level of social life and resources consumption in Ningxia needs to be improved.The quality of growth in Gansu is not high.Qinghai needs to improve the level of social life,scientific research innovation and environmental governance.Therefore,the upper Yellow River region should strengthen the quality of growth and environmental governance,implement differentiated measures to improve the level of green development and promote green transformation.