黄河九省(区)水资源绿色效率时空格局与影响因素研究

Research on the Spatial-Temporal Patterns and Influencing Factors of Water Resources Green Efficiency in Nine Provinces of the Yellow River Basin

为探索黄河九省(区)水资源绿色效率,采用SBM-DEA模型和Tobit模型对黄河九省(区)99个地级市水资源绿色效率的时空分布及影响因素进行分析。研究结果表明:1)黄河九省(区)水资源绿色效率整体呈上升趋势,下游的中原城市群和山东半岛城市群水资源绿色效率较高,上游的兰西城市群和宁夏沿黄城市群相对较低;2)黄河九省(区)水资源绿色效率空间集聚分布显著,“高-高”型城市主要集聚在下游经济较发达的省份,水资源绿色效率呈显著的正向空间自相关,并存在集聚现象和溢出效应;3)第一产业和第三产业规模、水资源禀赋和节水水平对水资源绿色效率提升具有显著积极影响,外商直接投资对水资源绿色效率的影响较为消极。

In order to explore the water resources green efficiency in cities of nine provinces(regions)of the Yellow River Basin,based on the SBM-DEA model and Tobit model,the spatial-temporal patterns and influencing factors of water resources green efficiency in 99 prefecture-level cities in nine provinces(regions)of the Yellow River Basin were analyzed.The results show that a)the overall water resources green efficiency in nine provinces(regions)of the Yellow River shows a stable rising trend,the lower reaches enjoy the highest average annual efficiency,the lower reaches of the Central Plains Urban Agglomeration and the Shandong Peninsula Urban Agglomeration rank the top,while the upper reaches of the Lanzhou-Xining Urban Agglomeration and along the Yellow River in Ningxia Urban Agglomeration are relatively poor.b)The water resources green efficiency in nine provinces(regions)of the Yellow River has a significant spatial agglomeration distribution,and the cities with high efficiency are mainly concentrated in the economically developed and main grain-producing provinces in the lower reaches.The water resources green efficiency shows a significant positive spatial autocorrelation with agglomeration and spillover effect.c)The scale of the primary and tertiary industries,water resources endowment and water-saving level have positive effects on the water resources green efficiency,while foreign direct investment has a negative effect.