长江经济带生态系统服务时空变化及权衡/协同关系研究

Study on Spatiotemporal Changes of Ecosystem Services and Trade-off/Synergy Relationships in the Yangtze River Economic Belt

长江经济带是生态文明建设的先行示范带,探明生态系统服务时空变化及权衡/协同关系,对区域生态环境可持续发展具有重要意义。基于土地利用转移矩阵、修正的当量因子法、敏感性指数、空间自相关分析及Pearson相关系数等方法,定量分析了长江经济带2000—2020年土地利用情况及其对生态系统服务的时空响应,并探究了各生态系统服务的权衡/协同关系,结果表明:长江经济带土地利用类型主要为林地、耕地和草地,其中转出面积和转入面积最多的分别为耕地和林地;长江经济带生态系统服务价值由2000年的70195.01亿元增长至2020年的70426.23亿元,增长率为0.33%;生态系统服务以水文调节、气候调节、土壤保持和气体调节为主;长江经济带生态系统服务价值的空间分布表现为上游>中游>下游;研究区生态系统服务价值空间分布的集聚效应显著,高高集聚区集中在上游地区,低低集聚区集中在下游的江苏省和安徽省等,低高集聚区集中在四川省攀枝花市;协同关系是长江经济带生态系统服务的主导关系,协同关系占比为63.64%。

The Yangtze River Economic Belt is the leading demonstration belt for ecological civilization building.It is of great significance for the sustainable development of regional ecological environment to explore the temporal and spatial changes of ecosystem services and the trade-off/synergy relationships.Based on methods such as land use transfer matrix,modified equivalent factor method,sensitivity index,spatial autocorrelation and Pearson correlation coefficient,this paper quantitatively analyzed the land use situation and its spatial-temporal response to ecosystem services in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2000 to 2020,and explored the trade-off/synergistic relationship between various ecosystem services.The results show that during the study period,the land use types in the Yangtze River Economic Belt are mainly forest land,cultivated land and grassland,and the largest area transferred out and transferred into area are cultivated land and forest land respectively.The ecosystem service value of the Yangtze River Economic Belt increases from 7019.501 billion Yuan in 2000 to 7042.623 billion Yuan in 2020,with a growth rate of 0.33%.Ecosystem services are mainly hydrological regulation,climate regulation,soil conservation and gas regulation services.The spatial distribution pattern of ecosystem service value in the Yangtze River Economic Belt is as follows:upstream>middle reaches>downstream.The agglomeration effect of the spatial distribution of ecosystem service value in the study area is significant,with high-high agglomeration areas concentrated in upstream areas,low-low agglomeration areas concentrated in downstream Jiangsu Province and Anhui Province,and low-high agglomeration areas concentrated in Panzhihua City,Sichuan Province.The synergy relationship is the dominant relationship of ecosystem services in the Yangtze River Economic Belt,with a synergy rate of 63.64%.