基于感恩和心理弹性的团体心理训练对大学生生命意义感和幸福感的影响

Effect of group psychological training based on gratitude and resilience on sense of meaning in life and psychological well-being among college students

目的 探讨感恩、心理弹性、生命意义感和心理幸福感之间的关系,以及基于感恩和心理弹性的团体心理训练对大学生生命意义感和幸福感的影响。方法 利用某高校大学生心理健康课,采用整群抽样法抽取某校某学员队学员138人,随机分成干预组(70人)和对照组(68人)。干预组接受连续5周,每周1次,每次2 h的团体心理训练,对照组暂不接受训练(下学期参加同一内容培训)。使用自编人口统计学量表、生命意义感量表(Meaning in Life Questionnaire, MLQ)、感恩问卷(Gratitude Questionnaire, GQ)、简版心理弹性量表(10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, CD-RISC-10)、心理幸福感量表(Ryff’s Scales of Psychological Well-Being, RPWB),在干预前(T1)、干预结束时(T2)、干预结束后1个月(T3)分别对2组成员进行评估。用T1时数据分析各变量之间的关系。结果 (1)感恩、心理弹性、生命意义感和心理幸福感两两正相关(P<0.01),生命意义感在感恩和心理幸福感之间起中介作用;生命意义感在心理弹性和心理幸福感之间起中介作用。(2)训练前两组人口统计学信息和各项心理指标差异均无统计学意义。干预后感恩、心理弹性、生命意义感和心理幸福感的时间与分组交互效应显著;T2和T3时干预组的感恩、心理弹性、生命意义感和心理幸福感水平均显著高于对照组(P<0.01);干预组T2、T3时的感恩、心理弹性、生命意义感和心理幸福感得分均显著高于T1时(P<0.01);干预组T2和T3时感恩、心理弹性、生命意义感、心理幸福感得分差异无统计学意义。结论 生命意义感能够部分中介感恩和心理弹性对心理幸福感的影响。基于感恩和心理弹性的团体心理训练能显著提升大学生感恩、心理弹性、生命意义感和心理幸福感水平,且具有持续效果。

Objective To explore the relationship of gratitude,resilience and meaning in life with psychological well-being,and determine the effect of group psychological training based on gratitude and resilience on the sense of meaning in life and psychological well-being in college students.Methods Based on advantage of mental health course for college students,cluster sampling was used to subject 138 students from a certain university.The participants were randomly divided into intervention group(n=70)and control group(n=68).The intervention group received 5 weeks of group psychological training,once a week for 2 h,while the control group did not receive such training for the time being(the participating received the same content training next semester).Self-designed demographic questionnaire,Meaning in Life Questionnaire(MLQ),Gratitude Question(GQ),10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale(CD-RISC-10)and Chinese version of Ryff’s Scales of Psychological Well-Being(RPWB)were employed to evaluate the 2 groups before intervention(T1),and immediately(T2)and 1 month after intervention(T3).The data at T1 was used to analyze the relationship between variables.Results①Gratitude,resilience,meaning in life and psychological well-being were positively correlated with each other(P<0.01),and meaning in life played a mediating role between gratitude and psychological well-being,and between psychological resilience and psychological well-being.②Before training,no significant differences were seen in demographic data and psychological indicators between the 2 groups.After training,the interaction effect between time and group was significant for gratitude,resilience,meaning in life,and psychological well-being.The intervention group had significantly higher scores of gratitude,resilience,meaning in life,and psychological well-being than the control group at T2 and T3(P<0.01).The scores for gratitude,psychological,meaning in life,and psychological well-being in the intervention group at T2 and T3 were significantly higher than those at T1(P<0.01).There were no statistical differences in scores for gratitude,psychological resilience,meaning in life,and psychological well-being between T2 and T3 in the intervention group.Conclusion Meaning in life partially mediates the relationship between gratitude and resilience and psychological well-being.Group psychological training based on gratitude and psychological resilience can significantly improve the levels of gratitude,resilience,meaning in life and psychological well-being in college students,and has a lasting effect.