酵母培养物单胃仿生消化率、诱食性能及替鱼粉对保育猪生长性能、血清生化指标的影响

Yeast culture single stomach bionic digestibility,feeding ability and effects of fishmeal substitution on growth performance and serum biochemical indices of nursery pigs

本研究对比分析了酵母培养物与鱼粉营养指标、感官风味、单胃仿生消化能值,并评估替代鱼粉对保育猪的诱食性能、生长性能及血清生化指标的影响。结果表明:酵母培养物在必需氨基酸组成及含量、常量矿物元素、微量矿物元素含量以及感官风味上与鱼粉基本一致;通过单胃仿生消化测定,酵母培养物总能值为21.05 MJ/kg,总氨基酸消化率为90.36%;通过反转诱食试验,酵母培养物组保育猪的采食量比鱼粉组高5%;从生产性能测定来看,酵母培养物组28 d全程的日增重比无鱼粉组提高19.3%(P≈0.1),比鱼粉组提高2.2%,而料肉比相比无鱼粉组显著降低0.23(P<0.05),且比鱼粉组低0.05;腹泻率显示各组之间无显著差异(P>0.05);从血清指标来看,酵母培养物能提高氨基酸的利用效率,减少尿素氮的产生,并降低肌酸激酶、谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶的含量,与鱼粉效果相当。综上所述,酵母培养物能量、氨基酸消化率高,在诱食、改善仔猪生产性能、提高氨基酸的利用效率和机体健康方面能达到进口鱼粉水平。

In this study,nutritional indexes,sensory flavor and bionic digestibility of single stomach were compared between yeast culture and fishmeal,and the effects of substituting fishmeal on feeding ability,growth performance and serum biochemical indexes of nursery pigs were evaluated.The results showed that the composition and content of essential amino acids,major mineral elements,trace mineral elements and sensory flavor of yeast culture were basically consistent with fishmeal.The total energy value of yeast culture was 21.05 MJ/kg and the digestibility of total amino acids was 90.36%.Through the reverse feeding test,the feed intake in yeast culture group was 5%higher than that in fishmeal group.From the perspective of production performance,the average daily gain(ADG)of yeast culture group was 19.3%(P≈0.1)higher than that of CON group,2.2%higher than that of fishmeal group,while the feed/gain(F/G)(P<0.05)of yeast culture group was significantly decreased by 0.23(P<0.05)compared with CON group,and 0.05 lower than that of fishmeal group.The diarrhea rate showed no significant difference among all groups(P>0.05).From the point of view of serum indexes,yeast culture could improve the utilization efficiency of amino acids,reduce the production of urea nitrogen,and reduce the contents of creatine kinase,alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase,which was similar to that of fishmeal.In summary,yeast culture had high energy and amino acid digestibility,and could reach the level of imported fishmeal in inducing feeding,improving the production performance of piglets,improving the utilization efficiency of amino acids and the body health.