考虑电动汽车充电负荷及储能寿命的充电站储能容量配置优化

Optimization of Storage Capacity Allocation at Charging Stations Considering EV Charging Load and Storage Lifetime

提出了一种优化电动汽车充电站储能容量配置的方法。该方法考虑了季节性电动汽车充电负荷波动与光伏出力之间的关系,并且考虑了储能寿命。论文利用蒙特卡罗法考虑了不同类型电动汽车的多种影响因素,对整体负荷进行预测。以每日运行成本最低为优化目标,在考虑四季光伏出力和储能寿命的影响下,采用了3种算法对目标函数进行优化,以得到最佳的光储充电站储能配置方案。研究以西北某地区为例。结果表明:冬季下综合成本为3.0432×10^(6)元,相比于其余3个季节综合成本最低;采用遗传算法时,在综合成本相差不多时,获得的储能配置最优,储能容量为22.82 MWh,储能功率为7.31MW,从而得到光储充电站最优的储能容量配置。

This paper presents a method to optimize the energy storage capacity allocation for electric vehicle charging stations.The method takes into account the relationship between seasonal EV charging load fluctuations and PV output,and the energy storage lifetime as well.Firstly,the operation model of the photovoltaic storage charging station system is introduced.Secondly,the models of the PV system,the energy storage system and the genset system are described.The paper uses the Monte Carlo method to predict the overall load by considering multiple influencing factors of different types of electric vehicles.With the optimization objective of minimum daily operating cost,three algorithms are used to optimize the objective function to obtain the best energy storage configuration scheme for the photovoltaic and storage charging station,taking into account the influence of the PV output and the storage lifetime in all seasons.Taking a certain region in the northwest as an example,the study results show that the comprehensive cost in winter is 3.0432×10^(6) Yuan,which is the lowest compared to the other three seasons.With the genetic algorithm used,and with similar overall cost,the obtained energy storage configuration is optimal,with a storage capacity of 22.82 MW·h and a storage power of 7.31 MW,thus the optimal energy storage capacity configuration for the optical storage charging station is obtained.