种子生产过程中不同施氮量下产出小麦种子的活力变化

Changes in the vigor of wheat seeds produced under different nitrogen application rates during seed production

为了探究氮肥对小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)种子活力的影响,找出最佳施肥量,试验选用小麦品种济麦22号为试验材料,收获不同施氮量下的种子进行标准发芽试验,并测定了产出种子的发芽情况、苗期生长及生理指标。结果表明,纯氮施用量为154、220 kg/hm2时小麦产量和产出小麦种子活力指数最高,适宜高活力小麦种子生产;在不施氮下,种子的产量和活力指数均最低,种子含水量高,发芽速率最快,说明不施氮产出的种子质地变得松散,在发芽时更容易吸收水分,从而加快发芽进程。在各施氮水平下,种子萌发指数变化不大。种子蛋白质绝对含量与幼苗干重间存在着极显著的相关性(P<0.01)。

In order to explore the effect of nitrogen fertilizer on the seed vigor of wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)and find out the best fer⁃tilization amount,the wheat variety Jimai 22 was selected as the test material,the seeds under different nitrogen application rates were harvested for standard germination test,and the germination,seeding growth and physiological indexes of the seed were determined.The results showed that the yield and seed vigor index of wheat were the highest when the pure nitrogen application rate was 154 kg/hm2 and 220 kg/hm2,which was suitable for the production of high vigor wheat seeds.Under no nitrogen application,the seed yield and vig⁃or index were the lowest,the seed water content was high,and the germination rate was the fastest,indicating that the seed texture of wheat with no nitrogen application became loose,and it was easier to absorb water during germination,thus accelerating the germina⁃tion process.Under each nitrogen application level,the seed germination index did not change much.There was a very significant cor⁃relation between the absolute content of seed protein and the dry weight of seedlings(P<0.01).