“双碳”背景下中国粮食功能区的农业水资源利用效率评价

Evaluation of agricultural water resources use efficiency of functional grain zone in China under the background of“Dual Carbon”

为探讨“双碳”背景下中国农业水资源利用效率现状,建立以农业碳排放为非期望产出的SBMUndesirable模型,测算2011—2019年中国三大粮食功能区农业用水效率并进行分析评价,并运用Dagum基尼系数分解法分析了三大粮食功能区组内、组间水资源利用效率的区域差异和差异来源。结果表明,中国整体农业用水效率处于较高水平,但存在着效率波动下降、不平衡性加剧的双重问题;不同区域之间农业用水效率存在较大差异和一定的协同性;粮食主销区群组内用水效率处于最为稳定的平衡状态;超变密度贡献是粮食功能区农业用水效率组间差异的最主要来源。因此,应当根据各区域实际情况实施差异化、有针对性的政策,从而全面提高中国农业用水效率,促进低碳、节水农业发展。

In order to explore the present situation of agricultural water resources use efficiency in China under the background of“Du⁃al Carbon”,the SBM-Undesirable model with agricultural carbon emissions as undesirable output was established to measure and evaluate agricultural water resources use efficiency in three functional grain zones in China from 2011 to 2019.Then the Dagum Gini coefficient decomposition method was used to analyze the regional differences and sources of water resources use efficiency within and among the three functional grain regions.The results showed that the overall agricultural water resources use efficiency in China was at a high level,but there were dual problems of decreasing efficiency and increasing imbalance.There were great differences and signifi⁃cant synergies in agricultural water resources use efficiency among different regions.The water resources use efficiency was in the most stable equilibrium state within the grain main sales area.The contribution of supervariable density was the main source of the differ⁃ence between groups of agricultural water resources efficiency in functional grain areas.Therefore,differentiated and targeted policies should be implemented according to the actual situation of each region,so as to comprehensively improve the efficiency of agricultural water use in China and promote the development of low-carbon and water-saving agriculture.