促进残疾女性高质量充分就业:机遇、挑战与对策

Promoting Full and Quality Employment of Women with Disabilities in China:Opportunities,Challenges and Countermeasures

改革开放以来,我国残疾人事业已取得巨大成就,残疾女性的就业状况得到了改善,就业保障也有了显著成效。新时期,促进我国残疾女性高质量充分就业正面临着难得的历史性机遇。残疾女性的高质量充分就业主要表现在:收入提高且来源稳定,工作环境越来越好,劳动关系趋向和谐,社会保障体系日趋完善,就业机会更加公平,就业权益保障更为充分,有工作愿望、符合工作条件、愿意接受现行工资的残疾女性基本都参加了就业。当前,残疾女性的就业情况尚有非常大的提升空间,无论在就业比例还是收入水平上,表现的均不如残疾男性,与普通女性相比差距更大。与此同时,残疾女性就业还面临屡见不鲜的歧视、受教育水平偏低、就业能力建设不足、在家庭等方面的配套性支持政策不足等多项挑战。为此,要抓住机遇,通过努力消除各种歧视性现象,加强残疾女性就业能力建设,完善残疾女性的家庭和社会支持性配套政策等措施,促进残疾女性高质量充分就业。

China has made great achievements in the cause of persons with disabilities since the reform and opening up.Considerable improvements have been made in the employment situation and security of women with disabilities.In the new era,China is facing unique and historic opportunities to promote full and quality employment for this group.Full and quality employment for women with disabilities primarily manifests as follows:improved income earned from stable sources;gradually improved work environment;labor relations tending to be harmonious;gradually improved social security system;more equitable employment opportunities;improved protection of the rights and interests of employment;nearly all of those who have employment demand,have matched the job's requirements and accepted the given payment engaging in employment.There is still a lot of room for improving the employment of these women,as both their employment ratio and average income level are lower than those of men with disabilities,and much lower than those of normal women.Moreover,the employment of women with disabilities is also challenged by a number of factors,such as the frequently perceived discrimination in employment,low levels of education,insufficient capacity building for employment,and insufficient supportive policies in family and other areas.So it is necessary to promote full and quality employment for women with disabilities by seizing the developmental opportunities,eliminating all kinds of discriminatory phenomena through efforts,strengthening the capacity building for employment,and improving relevant family and social support policies.