广叶绣球菌低分子质量多糖的液体发酵培养条件及提取工艺优化

Optimization of culture conditions and extraction process of polysaccharide from Sparassis latifolia by liquid fermentation

广叶绣球菌(Sparassis latifolia)为名贵的食药用菌,多糖为其重要活性成分,低分子质量多糖在抗氧化、抗肿瘤等方面功效突出。为提高液体发酵广叶绣球菌菌丝体及胞内低分子质量多糖产量,增大提取效率,该文采用单因素法及响应面法分别对其培养条件及提取工艺进行优化。单因素优化验证结果显示,液体发酵培养基碳源为15 g/L可溶性淀粉,氮源为8 g/L牛肉膏,pH值为5,发酵17 d时,广叶绣球菌XQJ-1的菌丝体干重为(6.03±0.25)g/L,胞内多糖达到(433.25±37.46)mg/L,处于较高的优化水平;响应面法对XQJ-1胞内多糖的提取优化表明,提取次数2次,提取时间2.4 h,液料比31:1(mL:g),温度89℃时,胞内多糖得率为(8.82±0.15)%,达到较高的提取效率。为广叶绣球菌及低分子质量多糖的进一步开发利用提供参考。

Sparassis latifolia is valuable edible and medicinal mushroom.Polysaccharide is an important active ingredient of S.latifolia,and low molecular weight polysaccharides have prominent antioxidant and antitumor effects.To improve the production of liquid fermented mycelium of S.latifolia and intracellular low molecular weight polysaccharide and increase the extraction efficiency,the single factor method and response surface method were used to optimize the culture conditions and extraction process.The results of single factor optimization verification showed that the carbon source of liquid fermentation medium was soluble starch(15 g/L),the nitrogen source was beef extract(8 g/L),the pH was 5.After 17 days of fermentation,the mycelium dry weight and intracellular polysaccharide of S.latifolia XQJ-1 were(6.03±0.25)g/L and(433.25±37.46)mg/L,respectively,which was at a high optimization level.The optimization of XQJ-1 intracellular polysaccharide extraction by response surface method showed that the intracellular polysaccharide yield was(8.82±0.15)%when the extraction times were twice,the extraction time was 2.4 h,the liquid-solid ratio was 31:1(mL:g),and the temperature was 89℃,indicating a highly efficient extraction process.The results provide a reference for the further development and utilization of S.latifolia and its low molecular weight polysaccharide.