商业组织的作用:近代东北地区商会兴起与豆货贸易发展(1891-1931)

The Role of Commercial Organizations:The Emergence of Chambers of Commerce and the Development of Soybean Trade in Northeast China(1891-1931)

近代东北地区豆货作为中国进出口贸易重要商品,其兴起与发展一直是经济史领域研究的重要内容。然而,尽管现有关于近代东北地区豆货贸易发展的讨论较多,但是对近代商业组织兴起与豆货贸易之间关系考察不足。因此,本文通过耙梳近代东北地区豆货贸易与商会设立相关史料,并且运用历史计量方法,就近代商会对东北豆货贸易的影响及影响路径进行考察。研究发现,近代商会不仅通过建立交易场所、推广新技术、调查贸易情况与直接参与交易等方法来推动豆货贸易的发展,而且分别从大豆种植、豆货加工与出口销售三个环节影响着豆货贸易。本文研究不仅为理解近代东北地区豆货贸易迅速发展提供了新的视角,而且也丰富了近代商会史研究的相关讨论。

In the context of the modern era,soybeans have emerged as a significant commodity in China's export trade,and their emergence and development have been important subjects of study in economic history.However,despite considerable discussions on the development of soybean trade in modern Northeast China,there has been insufficient examination of the relationship between the rise of commercial organizations and soybean trade during this period.Therefore,by sorting out historical materials related to soybean trade and the establishment of chambers of commerce in modern Northeast China and using the quantitative history methods,this paper investigates the impact of modern chambers of commerce on the soybean trade in Northeast China and explores the mechanisms of this impact.The paper reveals that modern chambers of commerce not only facilitated the development of soybean trade by establishing trading venues,promoting new technologies,conducting trade surveys,and directly participating in transactions,but also influenced soybean trade in the processes of cultivation,production and sales.This paper not only provides a new perspective for understanding the rapid development of soybean trade in modern Northeast China but also enriches related arguments on the history of modern chambers of commerce.