船舶避碰时机曲线图研究

Research on the Curves of the Ship s Collision Avoidance Action

船舶最佳避碰时机表现为两船之间距离变化中的某一段,是船舶值班驾驶员最关心的问题.通过分析不同情况下船舶避让行动与时机曲线图,给出了船舶避让最佳时机的起始点D_(act1)和终止点D_(act2),以及最佳避碰行动点,得到了这些避让行动时机点与最小安全会遇距离(D_(s))、船速比(k_(V))、目标船相对方位(Q)、目标船最近会遇距离(D_(cpa))的关系.船舶避让行动与时机曲线图表明,最佳避让时机是存在的,可以用数值表示出来,能够用于指导海上船舶避碰实践.

The optimum opportunity to avoid collision is a certain section in the distance between the two ships involved,which is the most concerned question for the ship s duty officers.By analyzing the curves of ship collision avoidance actions and opportunity,the starting point D_(act1),the ending point D_(act2) and the best collision avoidance action point are given.The relationships between optimum opportunity to avoid collision and the distance of the safe point of approach(D_(s)),the ship s speed ratio(k_(V)),the relative bearing of the target ship(Q)and the distance of the closest point of approach(D_(cpa))of the target ship are obtained.The curves of ship collision avoidance action and optimum opportunity show that the optimum opportunity exists which can be show in terms of numerical values and can be used to guide the collision avoidance practice of ships at sea.