老年患者护理沟通服务评价和需求、影响因素及其对策研究

Evaluation and demands for care communication in aged patients and the influencing factors and counter-measures

目的探讨老年患者对护士沟通服务评价及其需求满足现状,为有针对性改善并提高护理沟通能力提供科学依据。方法采用方便抽样方法,2022年12月至2023年3月应用老年人护理沟通服务评价量表和需求量表对江苏某医院464例老年患者进行调查分析,从情感感知能力、语言沟通、非语言沟通能力3个方面了解当前老年患者对护理沟通服务评价及需求现状,并采用多重线性回归分析老年患者对护士沟通服务评价现状及其需求的影响因素。结果464例老年患者护理沟通服务评价得分(70.97±19.86)分,处于中等水平。在各维度中,“情感感知能力”得分最高,“沟通中的语言”得分次之,“沟通中的非语言”得分最低。老年患者护理沟通服务需求得分(87.14±15.31)分,处于较高水平,“沟通中的语言”得分最高,“情感感知能力”得分次之,“沟通中的非语言”得分最低。年龄、家庭结构是老年患者护理沟通服务评价的影响因素(均P<0.05),可解释因变量的5.9%的变异;文化程度是老年患者护理沟通服务需求的影响因素(P<0.05),可解释因变量的0.8%的变异。结论护士重视与老年患者的沟通质量,需考虑患者年龄、家庭结构和文化程度有针对性沟通,充分体现护理人文关怀思想,增强老年患者安全感和信赖感,同时提升护理服务质量。

Objective To investigate current situation regarding appraisal of care communication of nurses and satisfaction to nursing needs in aged patients,so as to provide scientific basis for improving the ability of nursing communication.Methods A total of 464 aged patients,were enrolled in the study by using evaluation of care communication scale for aged patient together with an aged patient’s demand for care communication scale from December 2022 to March 2023 by convenient sampling.The appraisal and need of nursing communication by aged patients was investigated in three aspects:emotional perception ability,verbal communication ability and non-verbal communication ability.Results from the investigation were analysed in by multiple regression analysis.Results The overall score of 464 aged patients’evaluation over the care communication of the nurses was(70.97±19.86),at a medium level.Among the dimensions,emotion perceived ability scored the highest,followed by verbal communication and non-verbal communication.The patients’demand was(87.14±15.31),at a high level,where verbal communication scored the higlest,followed by emotion percieived ability and non-verbal communication.Family structure and age were major influencing factor that affected the evaluation over the care communication by aged patients(P<0.05),explaining 5.9%variance of the dependent variables,while education was the influencing factor that explained 0.8%variance of the dependent variables of communicotion demand.Conclusions The quality of communication between nurses and aged patients should be targeted according to the patient’s age,family structure and educational level.Therefore,nurses should conduct the nursing practices with the humanistic care,enhance the sense of security and trust of aged patients,and consequently improve the quality of nursing services.