外踝关节扭伤后继发跗骨窦综合征的临床观察

Clinical observation of sinus tarsi syndrome after lateral ankle sprain

目的:探讨外踝关节扭伤继发跗骨窦综合征的发生率和跗骨窦封闭治疗的临床疗效。方法:回顾性分析2021年1月至2022年1月收治的391例外踝扭伤患者中88例行跗骨窦封闭注射治疗,其中男22例,女66例;年龄29~60(41.00±7.52)岁,病程1~12(5.6±4.2)个月。具体药物为复方倍他米松1 ml+盐酸利多卡因4 ml。分别于治疗前,治疗后1、3、6、12个月对患者进行视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS)和美国足踝外科协会(American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society,AOFAS)踝-后足功能评分。结果:88例患者完成目标随访,时间均为12个月。外踝关节扭伤继发跗骨窦综合征发生率为22.5%(88/391),封闭治疗后1个月VAS(1.20±0.89)分,AOFAS(88.70±7.04)分;治疗3个月后VAS(1.60±1.35)分,AOFAS(85.20±10.95)分;治疗6个月后VAS(2.35±1.39)分,AOFAS(80.30±9.75)分;治疗12个月后VAS(2.80±1.51)分,AOFAS(79.10±9.94)分。治疗后各时间点与治疗前比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:本研究结果显示外踝关节扭伤后跗骨窦综合征发生率为22.5%,封闭治疗短期内有效,1年内症状复发率为65%,针对保守治疗欠佳的患者,或考虑进行其他治疗方法,如踝关节镜下清理术。

Objective To study the incidence rate of sinus tarsi syndrome after lateral ankle sprain and observe the clinical efficacy of sinus tarsal corticosteroid injections.Methods From January 2021 to Janury 2022,391 patients with lateral ankle sprain and 88 patients with sinus tarsi syndrome using corticosteroid injections(compound betamethasone 1 ml+lidocaine hydrochloride 4 ml)were retrospectively analyzed.There were 22 males and 66 females,aged from 29 to 60 years old with an average of(41.00±7.52)years old,duration of the disease from 1 to 12 months with an average of(5.6±4.2)months.The visual analogue scale(VAS)and American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society(AOFAS)scores were collected before,1 month,3 months,6 months,and 12 months after treatment.Results All 88 patients completed a 12-month follow-up.The incidence rate of sinus tarsi syndrome after lateral ankle sprain was 22.5%.One month after treatment,VAS was 1.20±0.89,AOFAS score was 88.70±7.04.Three months after treatment,VAS was 1.60±1.35,AOFAS score was 85.20±10.95.Six months after treatment,VAS 2.35±1.39,AOFAS 80.30±9.75.Twelve months after treatment,VAS was 2.80±1.51,AOFAS score was 79.1±9.94.Significant differences were found before and after treatment at all four time points of follow-up(P<0.05).Conclusion The results of this study showed that the incidence rate of sinus tarsi syndrome after lateral ankle sprain was 22.5%.Corticosteroid injections were effective in the short term with a 65%recurrence rate of symptoms within 1 year.For patients with no significant long-term effect of conservative treatment,clinicians may explore alternative approaches,including options like ankle arthroscopy.