严厉管教的代际传递:父母的互倚及子女性别的调节作用

Intergenerational Transmission of Parental Harsh Discipline:Parental Interdependence and the Moderating Effect of Child’s Gender

基于家庭系统理论和互倚理论探讨严厉管教的代际传递在父母间的互倚与子女性别的调节作用,使用问卷法对388对小学生父母进行调查。主客体互倚模型分析的结果显示:(1)父母的主体效应显著,即父亲和母亲的儿时受严厉管教经历均正向预测自己对子女的严厉管教;(2)仅父亲的客体效应显著,即母亲儿时受严厉管教经历正向预测父亲对子女的严厉管教;(3)父母的组合效应显著,即父母亲儿时受严厉管教经历均强化对方代际传递的主体效应;(4)上述部分关系受子女的性别调节,母亲的主体效应在子女是男孩时强于子女是女孩时,仅当子女是女孩时,母亲的组合效应显著。研究发现严厉管教代际传递在父母间呈现非独立互倚模式,且这种代际传递受到子女性别的调节。

Based on the family system theory and interdependent theory,this study examined the parental interdependence and the moderating effect of child’s gender on the intergenerational transmission of harsh discipline.A questionnaire survey was conducted on 388 pairs of school age pupils’mothers and fathers.Actor-partner interdependence modeling analyses revealed that:1)The actor associations were significant,that is,mothers and fathers who had more experiences of being harsh disciplined in childhood engaged in more harsh disciplinary behaviors towards their own children.2)Only fathers’partner association was significant,that is,mothers’experiences of being harsh disciplined in childhood predicted fathers’harsh disciplinary behaviors.3)The combination effects were also significant,that is,mothers’and fathers’actor associations were intensified by his or her partners’experiences of being harsh disciplined in childhood.4)Several associations above were moderated by child’s gender.Mothers’actor association was stronger when their children were boys rather than girls,while mothers’combination effect was significant only when their children were girls rather than boys.The findings suggest that the intergenerational transmission of harsh discipline within parents is non-independent and is moderated by child’s gender.