圈养与野外近人环境猕猴肠道菌群的比较分析

Comparing Gut Microbiome of Macaques in Captive and Wild Environment

通过对来自北京动物园10只圈养猕猴(Macaca mulatta)和来自河南济源五龙口风景区10只处于野外近人环境中的猕猴的粪便微生物进行鸟枪法测序,分析两种不同环境下猕猴的肠道菌群组成和差异。结果表明:20份样品共检测出9个门、18个纲、22个目、31个科、46个属和226个种。通过分析发现,圈养和野外近人环境群体共享了绝大部分细菌(200种),但是近人环境群体相比于圈养群体,独有更多种类的微生物。圈养猕猴肠道微生物主要由厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)和绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)组成。处于野外近人环境中的猕猴肠道微生物主要由厚壁菌门、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)和拟杆菌门组成。圈养猕猴和近人猕猴属水平上的肠道微生物结构存在显著差异(p=0.001)。圈养猕猴和野外近人环境猕猴肠道菌群组成的多样性与差异,可为猕猴的圈养以及景区野生动物管理提供指导和理论基础。

Based on the shotgun sequencing of the fecal microbiome of 10 macaques(Macaca mulatta)from the Beijing Zoo and 10 macaques from Henan Jiyuan Wulongkou Scenic Spot,the difference in gut microbial community between macaques from two different environments was analyzed.The results showed that nine phylum,18 classes,22 orders,31 families,46 genera and 226 species were detected in the 20 samples.The analysis found that the captive and wild populations shared the most of bacteria(200 species),but wild populations had a greater variety of microbes than captive populations.The gut microbiome of captive macaques was mainly composed of Firmicutes,Bacteroidetes,and Chloroflexi.The gut microbiome of wild macaques was mainly composed of Firmicutes,Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes.There was a significant difference(p=0.001)in the gut microbiome structure between captive and wild macaques at the genus level.The diversity and difference of gut microbiome between captive macaques and wild macaques can provide guidance and theoretical basis for captive macaques and wildlife management in scenic spots.