功率型电化学储能技术研究进展

Review on High-power Electrochemical Energy Storage Technology

功率型储能器件具有功率密度高和充放电速度快等显著优点,适用于需要大功率输出和短时间内快速响应的应用场景,如电网调频、军用装甲车辆应急启动和港口起重装备能量回收等。围绕主流的功率型储能器件——超级电容器、功率型金属离子电池、金属离子混合电容,介绍了各类功率型电化学储能技术的基本工作原理,系统性地总结了国内外学者在功率型电化学储能器件电极材料和电解液方面的改性策略和研究进展,最后对功率型电化学储能技术未来研究方向和应用趋势进行了合理展望。

High-power energy storage devices have significant advantages such as the high power density and rapid charge-discharge speeds.High-power energy storage devices have been widely used for a variety of applications requiring high power output and quick response time,such as grid frequency regulation,emergency starting for military armored vehicles,and energy recovery of port lifting equipment.Focusing on the mainstream power storage devices including supercapacitors,high-power metal ion batteries and metal ion hybrid capacitors,the basic working principles of various high-power electrochemical energy storage technologies were introduced,and the improvement strategies and research progress of domestic and foreign scholars in the electrode materials and electrolytes of high-power electrochemical energy storage devices were systematically summarized.Finally,the future research directions and application trends of high-power electrochemical energy storage technologies were forecasted.