党的十八大以来我国学前教育发展的回顾与反思——基于政策要素与政策工具的二维分析

Review and Reflection on the Development of Preschool Education in China since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China--Two-Dimensional Analysis Based on Policy Elements and Policy Instruments

学前教育是高质量教育体系的重要基础,是建设教育强国的必经之路。为厘清新时代中国学前教育发展路径,基于政策要素与政策工具的二维框架,对党的十八大以来中央颁布的7份专门性学前教育政策文件进行内容分析。研究发现,中国持续关注学前教育发展,文件中的政策要素与政策工具均得到有效运用,但存在政策工具组合失衡、政策要素分配不均、政策要素与政策工具缺乏协调性等问题。为了促进学前教育高质量发展,需要合理配置政策工具,完善政策工具组合,动态调整政策要素定位,加强可持续供给,释放政策工具与政策要素协同效力并强化二者的适切性。

Preschool education is an important foundation of high-quality education system and a necessary path to build a strong education country.In order to clarify the development path of preschool education in China in the new era,this paper analyzes the content of seven specialized preschool education policy documents issued by the central government since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China based on the two-dimensional framework of policy elements and policy instruments.The study finds that China has continued to pay attention to the development of preschool education,and the policy elements and policy instruments in the documents have been effectively utilized,but there are problems such as imbalance in the combination of policy instruments,uneven distribution of policy elements,and lack of coordination between policy elements and policy instruments.In order to promote the high-quality development of preschool education,it is necessary to rationally allocate policy instruments,improve the combination of policy instruments,dynamically adjust the positioning of policy elements,strengthen sustainable supply,and release the synergy between policy instruments and policy elements,and strengthen the appropriateness of the two.