种植方式对不同粳稻品种品质的影响

Effects of Planting Methods on Rice Quality of Different Japonica Rice Varieties

以辽宁省中早熟水稻品种辽粳138、旱稻品种旱403与旱9710为试验材料,采用移栽(TP)和直播(DS)两种种植方式对不同水稻品种的加工品质、外观品质、营养品质与食味品质进行比较分析。结果表明,种植方式对稻米的加工品质、营养品质影响较小。与直播种植相比,移栽种植稻米垩白度、垩白粒率、直链淀粉含量显著增加了42.4%、50.3%、15.0%,食味值显著下降了12.9%。移栽种植的峰值黏度、崩解值、糊化温度显著大于直播种植,而热浆黏度、最终黏度、消减值显著小于直播种植。辽粳138稻米的整精米率、食味值、崩解值显著大于旱403与旱9710,而垩白度、垩白粒率、蛋白质含量、峰值黏度、热浆黏度、最终黏度、消减值、糊化温度显著小于旱403与旱9710。研究探讨两种种植方式对不同水稻品种稻米品质的影响,在选择合理的种植方式,并配套适宜的优质水稻品种,有利于获得稻米的优良品质性状。辽宁中熟地区选择中早熟粳稻品种并配套直播种植方式可成为实现粳稻优质、高产和温光资源高效利用最佳生产模式。

In this study,A comparative experiment was carried out with medium-maturing early Liaogeng-138,Han-403,and Han-9710 in Liaoning province as experimental materials to study the difference in processing quality,appearance quality,nutritional quality,and value of cooking rice were compared and analyzed by transplanting and direct seeding.The results showed that planting methods had not effect on the processing quality and nutritional quality of rice.Compared with direct seeding,chalkiness,percentage of chalky grain and amylose content of transplanting were significantly increased by 42.4%,50.3%,and 15.0%,and value of cooking rice was significantly decreased by 12.9%.The peak viscosity,breakdown,and pasting temperature of transplanting were significantly higher than direct seeding,while the trough viscosity,final viscosity and setback were significantly lower than direct seeding.The milling percentage,value of cooked rice and breakdown in Liaogeng-138 were significantly higher than Han-403 and Han-9710,while the chalkiness,chalkiness rate,protein content,peak viscosity,trough viscosity,final viscosity,setback and pasting temperature of Liaogeng-138 were significantly lower than Han-403 and Han-9710.In this study,the effects of two planting methods on rice quality of different rice varieties were studied.Selecting reasonable planting methods and matching suitable high-quality rice varieties would be beneficial to obtain good quality traits of rice.Therefore,selecting mid-early matured japonica rice varieties and matching with direct seeding cultivation in the mid-matured areas of Liaoning can become the best production mode for achieving high-quality,high yield,and efficient utilization of temperature and light resources in japonica rice.