爱与感性原则:马克思对费尔巴哈哲学改造的批判

The Principle of Love and Sensibility:Marx's Critique of Feuerbach's Philosophical Transformation

一度时期,费尔巴哈曾构成黑格尔与马克思之间思想内在联络的重要一环。在脱离黑格尔哲学时,费尔巴哈提出了从抽象的天上降到现实的地上的人类概念。这个概念深刻着古代天文学的寓意。它刚好与从天体秩序转向大地法则的视角相映衬。费尔巴哈哲学表明,既然各个天体都自成一类,地上的人就直观个体而言也当整全而非零碎。但从马克思描绘的人类的社会概念看,费尔巴哈仍然在直观中表达了神圣人的理念存在。为了解决建立在人们现实差别基础上的人与人统一问题,马克思告别哲学转向人的对象性活动。马克思讨论哲学命题外表之下的初衷是推进费尔巴哈哲学改造。明确现代世界中的我们应对人类因感性的类直观而存在的理念和人类因爱而存在的理念进行新的批判。特别是对费尔巴哈的两性哲学原则作出新的关注。费尔巴哈人学为人类作为一个整体一直盼望与自然和谐地生活提供了一篇序章。

God to real humans.This concept is deeply rooted in ancient as-tronomy.It coincides with the shift in perspectives from the celestial order to the laws of the earth.Feuerbach's philosophy suggests that since celestial bodies are of its own kind,man on earth should also be integrated in a whole rather than fragmented in terms of intuitive individuals.However,from the perspective of Marx's conception of human society,Feuerbach intuitively expresses the existence of the idea of divine man.In order to solve the problem of the unity of people based on their actual differences,Marx bids farewell to philosophy and turns to man's objective activities.Under the guise of discussing philosophical propositions,Marx's original intention is to promote the transformation of Feuerbach's philosophy.It is clear that in the modern world,we should conduct new critiques on the idea that man exists because of sensual intuition and love,and in particular,on Feuerbach's philo-sophical principles of gender.Feuerbach's anthropology provides a prelude to the desire of man as a whole to live in harmony with nature.