基于前馈控制构建终末期肾病血液透析患者干预措施及其应用

Construction and application of intervention measures for end stage renal disease patients on hemodialysis based on feedforward control

目的 构建基于前馈控制理念的终末期肾病(ESRD)血液透析患者干预模式,并探究其应用效果。方法 成立研究小组构建ESRD血液透析患者基于前馈控制理念的干预模式,选取2021年6月至2022年6月新疆医科大学第一附属医院收治的ESRD血液透析患者100例为研究对象,以随机数字表法将其分为对照组和观察组,每组50例。对照组应用常规协同护理干预,观察组在对照组的基础上应用研究小组构建的前馈控制干预。比较两组干预前及干预6个月的自我护理能力[自我护理能力量表(ESCA)]、营养生化指标[白蛋白(ALB)、血钙、血磷],统计干预期间患者血液透析并发症发生情况。结果 干预6个月,两组ESCA评分、ALB、血钙水平均高于治疗前,且观察组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预6个月,两组血磷水平低于干预前,且观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组血液透析并发症总发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 本研究构建的基于前馈控制理念的干预模式可增强ESRD血液透析患者的自我护理能力,改善其机体营养状况,降低并发症发生率。

Objective To construct an intervention model for end stage renal disease(ESRD)hemodialysis patients based on feedforward control concept,and explore its application effect.Methods The research group was established to construct an intervention model for ESRD hemodialysis patients based on the feedforward control concept.A total of 100 ESRD hemodialysis patients treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from June 2021 to June 2022 were selected as the study objects,and they were divided into control group and observation group by random number table method,with 50 cases in each group.The control group was treated with conventional collaborative nursing intervention,and the observation group was treated with feedforward control intervention constructed by the research group based on control group.The self-care ability(exercise of self-care agency scale[ESCA])and nutritional biochemical indexes(albumin[ALB],blood calcium,and blood phosphorus of the two groups were compared before intervention and six months after intervention,and the incidence of hemodialysis complications during intervention was statistically analyzed.Results After six months of intervention,the ESCA score,ALB,and serum calcium levels of the two groups were higher than those before treatment,and those of the observation group were higher than those of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).After six months of intervention,the blood phosphorus levels of the two groups was lower than that before intervention,and that of the observation group was lower than that of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The total incidence of hemodialysis complications in the observation group was lower than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The intervention model based on the feedforward control concept constructed in this study can enhance the self-care ability of ESRD hemodialysis patients,improve their nutritional status,and reduce the incidence of complications.