中美页岩气开采返排废水中关键有机污染物的差异化特征

Differential characteristics of organic contaminants identified in flowback wastewater between China and the United States during shale gas exploration

页岩气开采过程中产生的返排液和产出水(FPW)中污染物总量大,有机物种类复杂,毒性不确定性高,可能对生态系统和人体健康构成威胁。现有研究对美国页岩气FPW中的有机污染物进行了定性定量分析,但在中国仍缺乏系统研究。综述了中美两国页岩气开采废水中的有机污染物组成情况,比较了同类典型有机污染物的浓度差异,并分析了两国页岩气开采产生关键有机污染物组成和浓度差异的潜在原因。研究发现,中国页岩气FPW中绝大多数有机物的浓度均低于美国(如苯系物、多环芳烃等)。中国页岩气FPW中有机物的定量数据相对缺失,仍需加强对中国页岩气场地关键致毒污染物的识别和定量分析。

The flowback fluid and produced water(FPW)generated from shale gas extraction containing a large amount of organic contaminants are highly uncertain and complex,posing a threat to the ecosystem and human health.While numerous studies have quantitatively or qualitatively analyzed the key components of organic contaminants in FPW in the United States,systematic research on the types and concentrations of organic contaminants related to shale gas exploitation in China is still lacking.This study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the composition of organic contaminants in FPW from shale gas exploitation in both China and the United States.Furthermore,it analyzes major differences in key organic contaminants between the two countries and explores potential reasons for these variations.The research suggests that the concentrations of the majority of organic compounds in FPW from China are lower than those found in the United States,such as benzene series compounds and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.However,there is still a lack of quantitative data on organic compounds in FPW.This emphasizes the need to intensify efforts in identifying and quantitatively analyzing priority pollutants that are specific to the shale gas exploitation in China.