典籍翻译批评话语的译释学路径

A Hermeneutic Approach to the Critical Discourse for Translating Classics

随着时代的进步,翻译实践需要翻译批评的创新。中国传统经典在翻译过程中赋予译者越来越多的阐释潜力。过去,对中国经典的批评以西方理论为主导,缺乏对中国思想和批评资源的审视。本研究试图借助格义,即语义类比的方法来确定道教主要经典之一《道德经》翻译的诠释学特征,通过对比研究发现了三种类型的语义类比:正向格义、反向格义和双向格义。基于以上三个译释特征,结合中国传统哲学思想中法家的治国方略,本研究探索构建典籍翻译批评话语译释学路径:整体的翻译价值观取向——“译礼”和具体的翻译规则三层次——“译势”“译术”与“译法”。研究表明,基于中国传统思想建构的话语体系可以促进中国典籍外译的翻译批评研究,并且有助于进一步提升翻译质量。

With the advancing of time,the practice of translation is in need of innovations in the translation criticism.When subject to translation,Chinese traditional classics lend their translators more and more interpretive potentials.The criticism conducted for Chinese classics used to be dominated by western theories and fall short of being reviewed with Chinese intellectual and critical resources.The present research is an attempt to resort to geyi(格义),semantic analogy,to identify the hermeneutic characteristics of translating Daodejing(《道德经》),one of the main Daoist classics.As a result,the research has come up with three types of semantic analogy:the clockwise,the counter-clockwise and the bi-directional.Based on the three hermeneutic characteristics and integrated with the governing strategies endorsed by the Legalists,a hermeneutic approach to the criticism for the translation of classics has been explored,which features the translation proprieties as the value orientation for translation,as well as the translation potentialities,techniques and methodology,the three layers of translation principle.It has been finally proved that Chinese intellectual tradition can facilitate the critical discourses for the translation of Chinese classics and enhance the qualities of the translations to come.