职业技术教育供给与返贫阻断机理:一个基于理论文献的分析

Mechanism of Vocational and Technical Education Supply and Poverty Return Prevention:An Analysis Based on Theoretical Literature

职业技术教育具有脱贫和提智强技的防返贫功能,从已有的文献研究和经济学理论的逻辑推导来看,职业技术教育供给能对返贫阻断产生积极影响。从微观个体层面来看,职业技术教育通过提升脱贫劳动者的智能与技能、创造工人效应和配置效应以及提高人力资本价值,进而增强经济能力、提高劳动生产率以及增大向上流动的机会,从而提高了非农劳动的参与率和工资水平以及获得了更多的经济收入和社会资源,并最终提升脱贫劳动者返贫阻断的能力。从社会区域经济发展的层面来看,一方面,职业技术教育能通过对欠发达地区现有人力资本存量的改进、流量的增进以及结构的优化来增强欠发达地区的自我发展能力。另一方面,增大职业技术教育供给能更有效地配置教育资源,从而促进了欠发达地区的经济增长和社会发展,并最终提升了欠发达地区返贫阻断的能力。

Capable of improving popular intelligence and skills,vocational and technical education can alleviate poverty and prevent its return.Based on the literature research and the logical deduction of economic theory,the supply of vocational and technical education can have a significant positive impact on prevention of poverty return.From the micro-individual level,vocational and technical education can improve the intelligence and skills of poor workers,create worker effect and allocation effect,and increase the value of human capital,which can play a great role not only in enhancing economic capacity and increasing labor productivity to provide opportunities for upward mobility but also in increasing the participation rate and wage level of non-agricultural labor to get more economic income and social resources.Thus it can ultimately improve the ability of blocking poor workers from returning to poverty.From the perspective of social regional economic development,vocational and technical education can enhance self-development ability of underdeveloped areas by improving their current human capital stock,increasing flow,and optimizing structure.On the other hand,increasing supply of vocational and technical education can more effectively allocate educational resources,promote economic growth and social development in underdeveloped areas,so as to ultimately enhance the ability of underdeveloped areas to prevent poverty return.