冶炼烟气制酸转化器布气装置理论研究及应用

Theoretical Research and Application of Gas Distribution Device for Smelting Flue Gas Acid Converter

采用传统单级轴向布气装置的二氧化硫转化器易出现烟气分布不均、触媒层测温点温差较大、二氧化硫转化率不达标等问题。为找出问题根源和解决方案,借助计算流体力学模拟软件对单级轴向布气装置的气体分布效果进行了分析,同时基于多级布气的思想提出了一种新型多级轴向布气装置,对影响新型轴向布气装置布气效果和压降的关键参数的尺寸进行了优化研究。传统单级轴向布气装置结构单一,受筛孔板节流因素的影响,通过筛孔的气流与被筛孔板阻挡而改变流向的气流到达触媒层表面后,存在显著的速度、流量差异,导致布气装置布气不均匀。新型多级轴向布气装置通过多级布气有效克服了单级筛孔板的布气缺陷,其性能在工程实际应用中得到了检验,二氧化硫转化率、触媒床层温差、硫酸产量等指标均获得了显著改善。

The sulfur dioxide converter using traditional single stage axial gas distribution devices is prone to problems such as uneven flue gas distribution,large temperature difference at the temperature measurement points of the catalyst layer,and substandard sulfur oxidation conversion rate.In order to find out the fundamentally cause of the problem and solve the problem,the gas distribution effect of single-stage axial gas distribution device was analyzed with the help of computational fluid dynamics simulation software.A new type of axial gas distribution device was proposed based on the idea of multi-stage gas distribution,and the dimensions of key factors affecting the gas distribution effect and pressure drop of the new axial gas distribution device were optimized and studied.The traditional single stage axial gas distribution device has a single structure.Affected by the throttling factor of the sieve orifice plate,there are significant velocity and flow differences after the airflow through the sieve orifice and the airflow that is blocked by the sieve orifice plate reaches the surface of the catalyst layer,resulting in uneven gas distribution of the gas distribution device.Through multi-stage gas distribution,the new axial gas distribution device effectively overcomes the gas distribution defects of the single stage sieve plate,and its performance has been tested in practical engineering applications.After the technical transformation,the sulfur dioxide conversion rate,catalyst bed temperature difference,sulfuric acid production and other indicators have been significantly improved.