从美路线图看无人系统技术体系与发展趋势

Unmanned Systems Technology Scheme and Development Trends from the Perspective of American Roadmaps

对无人系统技术进行了综合评述,并对其发展趋势进行了展望。首先,基于美国国防部八版无人机/无人系统路线图的规划,深入分析了互操作性、自主性、人机协同、通信、网络安全、动力与能源、载荷等主要技术方向的内涵和关键能力,绘制了各个技术方向的发展规划脉络。随后,调研分析了美国在不同技术方向的发展现状和应用情况。最后,综合路线图分析和发展情况分析,研判了未来无人系统技术的发展趋势。综述表明,未来无人系统技术将呈现体系化、智能化、高能化三大发展趋势。所提出的从路线图规划和发展现状分析来研判无人系统技术发展的方法对厘清无人系统技术体系和发展趋势具有一定借鉴意义。

This article provides a comprehensive review of unmanned system technology and forecasts its future development trends.Firstly,based on the eight editions of the Unmanned Aerial Systems/Unmanned Systems Roadmap by Department of Defense of the United States,an analysis is conducted on the key technological areas,including interoperability,autonomy,human-machine collaboration,communication,cybersecurity,power and energy,and payloads,exploring their meanings and critical capabilities.This analysis maps out the developmental trajectory of each technological area.Subsequently,a survey is undertaken to explore the current development status and application scenarios of these technologies in the United States.Finally,through the comprehensive analysis of the roadmap and the current development situation,the article identifies the future trends in unmanned system technology.The review suggests that future unmanned system technology will exhibit three major development trends:systematization,intelligence,and high-performance.It is hoped that this approach,combining roadmap planning with analysis of current development status,can provide valuable insights for clarifying the technological framework and development trends of unmanned systems.