激励政策对我国新能源汽车推广应用的影响

Impact of Incentive Policies on the Promotion of New Energy Vehicles in China

新能源汽车在推广过程中,面临着市场失灵问题,不利于新能源汽车产业的长期健康发展,还会导致资源配置效率低下。因此,为了实现资源合理配置,推动新能源汽车产业有序发展,需要政府出台一系列的激励政策。本文从单一政策效果、政策协同效果、中介效应等多角度分析激励政策对新能源汽车推广应用的影响,并深入研究激励政策与新能源汽车推广应用之间的非线性关系。根据实证结果,本文得到以下结论:①补贴政策、充电基础设施以及政府购买都能够显著促进新能源汽车推广应用;②人口越多、收入水平越高、环境污染越严重的地方,新能源汽车推广应用程度越大;③政府购买与新能源汽车推广应用之间存在倒U型关系;④企业研发创新能力在激励政策与新能源汽车推广应用之间发挥中介作用;⑤补贴政策的实施效果存在区域性差异,在第一批试点城市,补贴政策的效果不再明显,甚至对新能源汽车推广应用产生了负面影响,而在第二批试点城市中,补贴政策依然能够显著促进新能源汽车推广应用;⑥补贴政策能够显著促进纯电动汽车推广应用,但对插电式混合动力汽车以及燃料电池汽车推广应用表现出负效应。最后,根据研究结果,本文为促进新能源汽车推广应用提供了相关政策建议。

In the process of promotion,new energy vehicles are facing the problem of market failure,which is not conducive to the long-term healthy development of the new energy vehicle industry and will also lead to inefficient resource allocation.Therefore,in order to realize the rational allocation of resources and promote the orderly development of new energy automobile industry,the government needs to issue a series of incentive policies.The influence of incentive policy on the promotion and application of new energy vehicles from the perspectives of single policy effect,policy synergy effect and intermediary effect,and deeply studies the nonlinear relationship between incentive policy and the promotion and application of new energy vehicles was analyzed.According to the empirical results draws the following conclusions.Subsidy policy,charging infrastructure and government purchase can significantly promote the popularization and application of new energy vehicles.The greater the population,the higher the income level and the more serious the environmental pollution,the greater the popularization and application of new energy vehicles.There is an inverted U-shaped relationship between government purchase and the promotion and application of new energy vehicles.The R&D innovation ability of enterprises plays an intermediary role between the incentive policy and the promotion and application of new energy vehicles.There are regional differences in the implementation effect of subsidy policy.In the first batch of pilot cities,the effect of subsidy policy is no longer obvious,and even has a negative impact on the promotion and application of new energy vehicles.In the second batch of pilot cities,subsidy policy can still significantly promote the promotion and application of new energy vehicles.The subsidy policy can significantly promote the popularization and application of pure electric vehicles,but it has a negative effect on the popularization and application of plug-in hybrid vehicles and fuel cell vehicles.Finally,according to the research results provides relevant policy suggestions for promoting the popularization and application of new energy vehicles.