论收买被拐卖妇女犯罪行为分类与法定刑配置

Classification and Legal Penalty Allocation of Criminal Behaviors of Buying Abducted and Trafficked Women

极端案件的出现将收买被拐卖妇女犯罪法定刑配置是否过于轻缓的问题推至舆论顶点。《刑法修正案(九)》删除收买行为的出罪事由,表明打拐需从买方市场考量的态度。本罪行为并非能够简单地与拐卖妇女犯罪行为相等同。收买行为的发生,在一定程度上伴随着历史文化与社会发展的共同影响。合理调整法定刑配置是有效回应立法不充分和社会舆论的手段,科学分析犯罪行为分类是合理调整法定刑配置的前提。结合责任理论的基本原理,将本罪行为划分为婚姻型收买行为和非婚姻型收买行为两个基本类型,并在婚姻型收买行为中细分出良性发展型和恶性破坏型两个子类型。基于行为类型分类和责任原理对本罪法定刑重新配置,从不同行为类型角度对法定刑配置分别进行匹配,建立合理的法定刑配置体系,推动拐卖妇女犯罪的有效治理,恰当回应舆论情绪。

The emergence of extreme cases of buying and trafficking women has pushed to the forefront of public opinion the issue of whether the statutory penalty for buying and trafficking women is too lenient.The Ninth Amendment to the Criminal Law has removed the grounds for the crime of bribery,indicating that the attitude of anti-kidnapping also needs to be considered from the buyer’s market.However,this crime cannot be simply equated with the crime of trafficking women.The occurrence of bribery is accompanied to a certain extent by the joint influence of historical culture and social development.Reasonably adjusting the allocation of statutory penalties is an effective means to respond to insufficient legislation and public opinion.Scientific analysis of criminal behavior classification is a prerequisite for reasonably adjusting the allocation of statutory penalties.Based on the basic principles of responsibility theory,this crime is divided into two basic types:marital type buying behavior and non-marital type buying behavior.Marital type buying behavior is further divided into two subtypes:benign development type and malignant destruction type.Based on the classification of behavior types,the statutory penalty for this crime is reconfigured.From the perspective of different behavior types,the statutory penalty configuration is matched separately.Responsibility determination and penalty consideration are carried out for different behavior types,and a scientific and reasonable statutory penalty configuration system is established to promote effective governance of the crime of trafficking women and respond appropriately to public opinion emotions.