历史·理论·实践:近代中国武术“强种救国”话语构建逻辑新探--以中央国术馆为中心

History,Theory and Practice:A New Logical Exploration of the Discourse Construction of Modern Chinese Wushu“Strong Species to Save the Country”——Centered around the Central Guoshu Academy

从历史、理论、实践三重维度对近代中国武术“强种救国”话语构建的逻辑探赜,有助于深刻理解近代中国武术“强种救国”话语构建的内在逻辑和深层脉络。运用多重史料互证和历史与逻辑相统一的方法,基于话语构建视角,以中央国术馆为中心,围绕“强种救国”核心话语,探赜近代中国武术话语构建的三重逻辑。从历史逻辑看,在“国之病夫”的隐喻与“身之病夫”符号的共同作用下,所激发的尚武图强思潮,是近代中国武术“强种救国”话语构建的逻辑起点。从理论逻辑看,在救亡图存语境下,从国家、民族、社会三个层面,寄望通过对国民身体的征用、对民族体育的坚守和对武者身体的规训达至民族复振和国家强盛之目的,是近代中国武术“强种救国”话语构建的逻辑机理。从实践逻辑看,在国术救国历史主题叙事中,中央国术馆通过多种举措激活国民武术价值观念的认同机制、坚守传统筑牢国民武术文化自信的思想根基、国际推广构建民族文化符号和重塑国家形象,是近代中国武术“强种救国”话语构建的逻辑进路。以古鉴今,通过对近代中国武术“强种救国”话语构建的研究,提出中国武术应以国家意志为根本导向,以身国同构为逻辑理据,遵循民健国强发展进路的当代启示。

The logical exploration of the discourse construction of modern Chinese Wushu"strong seed to save the country"from the three dimensions of history,theory,and practice helps to deeply understand the internal logic and deep context of the discourse construction of modern Chinese Wushu"strengthening species to save the country".Using multiple historical materials for mutual verification and the method of integrating history and logic,based on the perspective of discourse construction,with the Central Guoshu academy as the center,this paper explores the triple logic of the discourse construction of modern Chinese Wushu around the core discourse of"strengthening species to save the country".From a historical logic perspective,under the joint influence of the metaphor of"the sick man of the country"and the symbol of"the sick man of the body",the trend of advocating Wushu to strengthen oneself is the logical starting point for the construction of the discourse of"strengthening species and saving the country"in modern Chinese Wushu.From a theoretical logic perspective,in the context of saving the nation from extinction and striving for survival,from the three levels of the country,nation,and society,it is hoped that the goal of national rejuvenation and national prosperity can be achieved through the expropriation of the national body,adherence to national sports,and discipline of Wushu human bodies.This is the logical mechanism for constructing the discourse of"strengthening species to save the country"in modern Chinese Wushu.From a practical logic perspective,in the narrative of the historical theme of saving the country through traditional Chinese Wushu,the Central Guoshu academy has activated the recognition mechanism of national martial arts values through various measures,adhered to tradition to build the ideological foundation of national Wushu culture confidence,promoted the construction of national cultural symbols and reshaped the national image internationally,which is the logical path for the construction of the discourse of"strengthening species to save the country"in modern Chinese Wushu.Based on the study of the discourse construction of modern Chinese Wushu"strengthening species to save the country",it is proposed that Chinese Wushu should be fundamentally guided by the will of the state,based on the logical basis of the isomorphism of the body and the country,and follow the contemporary inspiration of the development path of people's health and national strength.