空气净化技术研究(1):纤维过滤

Research on air purification technology(1):Fiber filtration

纤维过滤是目前使用最广泛的空气净化技术,主要滤材有无纺布、玻璃纤维、驻极体静电纤维、聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)膜和纳米纤维。本文比较了国内外主要空气过滤器标准中的效率规格,介绍了这5种纤维过滤器的特点,分析了国内外文献报道的这些过滤器的主要性能和优缺点。对3种空气过滤器,即用驻极体静电纤维、PTFE纤维和静电纺丝纳米纤维制造的空气过滤器进行了测试,其中静电纺丝纳米纤维和PTFE纤维空气过滤器虽然仍存在不足,但是已实现了高效低阻的目标。面对全球肆虐不断的各种流行性疾病,空气过滤器不但需要实现高效率、低阻力,更应具备杀灭细菌和灭活病毒的功能,新的、性能更优的纤维过滤材料和空气过滤器有待开发和应用。

Fiber filtration is the most widely used air purification technology at present,and the main filter materials are non-woven fabrics,glass fibers,electret electrostatic fibers,polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)membranes and nanofibers.This paper compares the efficiency specifications in the main domestic and foreign air filter standards,presents the characteristics of these five fiber filters,and analyses the main performances,advantages and disadvantages of these filters reported in the literature at home and abroad.Three kinds of air filters,namely electret electrostatic fiber,PTFE fiber and electrostatic spinning nanofiber air filters,are tested.Although there are still shortcomings in electrostatic spinning nanofiber and PTFE fiber air filters,the goal of high efficiency and low resistance has been achieved.In the face of various epidemic diseases raging around the world,air filters not only need to achieve high efficiency and low resistance,but also should have the function of killing bacteria and inactivating viruses,and new and better performance fiber filter materials and air filters need to be developed and applied.