论行政限制从业与刑事从业禁止的衔接

On the Connection between Administrative Restrictions and the Prohibition of Criminal Employment

作为行政处罚一般种类的行政限制从业,应将其定性为“行为罚”而不是“资格罚”。在行政限制从业与刑事从业禁止的衔接上,学界围绕《刑法》第37条之一第3款中的“从其规定”,存在对刑事从业禁止适用的“扩张解释”和“限缩解释”两种面向。应将“从其规定”作为一种“限缩解释”和行政尊重规定来理解,从而平衡和理顺两种机制间的不顺畅。

As a general type of administrative punishment,administrative restrictions should be characterized as“behavior penalty”rather than“qualification penalty”.In terms of the connection between administrative restriction and prohibition of criminal practice,the academic circles focus on provisions in Paragraph 3,Article 37,presenting the two aspects of“expanding interpretation”and“limiting interpretation”for the application of prohibition of criminal employment.The provisions should be understood as a“restrictive interpretation”and adminis-trative respect provisions,so as to balance and straighten out the unsmoothness between the two mechanisms.