城市污水处理厂的“水-能-碳”协调调度模型

Coordinated“Water-energy-carbon”Dispatching in Urban Wastewater Treatment Plants

城市污水处理厂面临能量密集、碳排量大、运行成本高的突出问题。污水厂优化调度是实现“节能降碳增效”的重要途径,但现有调度方法还存在对处理设备控制特性利用不足、对处理过程的温室气体排放缺乏全面管控等局限。为此,该文提出一种面向污水厂“水-能-碳”协调调度的新模型。所提模型利用鼓风机启停/沼气池温度控制来挖掘节能空间、计入碳排放成本来提升低碳水平、引入污水分级处理与回用来促进资源回收利用,在满足污水处理工艺流程和各种设备运行约束及水质处理要求的条件下,实现污水厂的低碳经济运行。以某中小型城市污水厂为算例,验证了所提调度模型的有效性以及各调度要素对污水厂“节能降碳增效”的积极作用。

Urban wastewater treatment plants are usually faced with significant challenges related to high energy consumption,large carbon emissions,and high operational costs.The optimized dispatching of wastewater treatment plants plays a vital role in achieving the"energy-saving,carbon-reduction,and efficiency enhancement"objectives.However,the existing dispatching methods have many limitations,including underutilization of the control characteristics of the treatment equipment and insufficient control over the direct greenhouse gas emissions during the treatment process.In this regard,this study proposes a novel model for coordinating the dispatching of"water-energy-carbon"in the WWTPs(wastewater treatment plants).The proposed model leverages the control of blower start/stop or anaerobic digester temperature to explore energy-saving opportunities,incorporates the carbon emission cost to improve low-carbon performance and introduces wastewater staged treatment and reuse to facilitate resource recovery and utilization.By satisfying the constraints of the wastewater treatment process,equipment operation,and water quality requirement,the model enables the achievement of low-carbon economic operation in wastewater treatment plants.A case study is conducted using a small to medium-sized urban wastewater treatment plant,which validates the effectiveness of the proposed dispatching model and examines the positive effects of various dispatching elements on the"energy-saving,carbon-reduction,and efficiency enhancement"in a practical setting.