液态有机储氢技术研究现状与展望

Recent research and prospect of liquid organic hydrogen carries technology

随着构建绿色氢能社会愿景的提出,氢能的需求量将会大规模增长,氢能的储运就成为了制约产业规模化发展的瓶颈。液态有机储氢技术在氢能大规模储存和长距离运输上具有成本低、安全性高等传统高压储氢无法比拟的优势,由于这项技术目前仍处于发展初期,国内相关的报道较少。本文综述了芳香烃类和氮杂环芳香烃类等主要的液态有机储氢材料,并对其储氢性能、优势、存在问题及发展现状展开了分析;阐述了液态有机储氢技术中加氢和脱氢过程所涉及的各种金属催化剂的性能。基于目前的研究,对液态有机储氢技术在未来氢能规模化应用方面的发展前景进行了展望,同时指出液态有机储氢技术在诸多氢能应用领域的可行性及其极高的经济价值。但是若要实现大规模应用,则需选择更优的有机储氢材料,开发高选择性、高催化活性及低成本的新型催化剂,进一步优化加氢和脱氢技术。

As the vision of building a green hydrogen society,the demand for hydrogen energy will grow massively on a large scale as well,but the storage and transportation will also be the bottleneck that restricts the scale of the industrial development.Liquid organic hydrogen carries(LOHCs)have advantages over conventional high-pressure hydrogen storage methods in terms of low cost and safety for the large-scale storage and long-distance transportation of hydrogen energy.However,this technology is still at the early stage of development,and the related reports are limited.This paper reviews the main liquid organic hydrogen materials,aromatic such as aromatic hydrocarbons and aza-aromatic hydrocarbons,and analyses their hydrogen storage properties,advantages,problems and development status.Furthermore,various metal catalysts involved in hydrogenation and dehydrogenation processes are described.Finally,based on the current research,the prospects for liquid organic hydrogen storage technology are presented and the feasibility of liquid organic hydrogen storage technology in various fields and its high economic values are pointed out.However,for large-scale application,it’s necessary to select the optimal liquid organic hydrogen materials,develop new catalysts with high selectivity,high catalytic activity and low cost,and further optimize hydrogenation and dehydrogenation technologies.