Pickering乳液制备及稳定性研究进展

Research advances of preparation of Pickering emulsions and their stability

Pickering乳液是一类以超细固体颗粒或固态胶体颗粒代替传统表面活性剂作乳化剂而制备的新型乳液,其具有稳定性好、易调控、环境友好、成本低等优点,在石油、水处理、化妆品、食品、医药、材料制备等多个领域得到了广泛应用。基于Pickering乳液的制备和稳定性,本文简述了Pickering乳液的制备方法,介绍了固体乳化剂粒子的类型和研究进展,阐述了Pickering乳液的稳定机制,解析了Pickering乳液稳定性的影响因素,分析了Pickering乳液存在的问题,展望了Pickering乳液的发展方向。未来Pickering乳液的发展主要集中在以下三个方面:①以天然固体纳米粒子或经过各种改性修饰后的天然固体纳米粒子为乳化剂,制备价格低廉、绿色环保、可重复使用的Pickering乳液;②制备智能响应型(温度、pH、磁场等响应型)Pickering乳液,用于材料制备、物质缓释或回收、催化反应等过程;③深入研究不同固体粒子稳定Pickering乳液的机制,精确调控固体乳化剂粒子和乳液的结构,建立Pickering乳液系统制备理论。

Pickering emulsion refers to an emulsion which is stabilized by ultrafine solid particles or solid colloidal particles instead of traditional surfactants.It is widely applied in many fields involving petroleum,water treatment,cosmetics,food,pharmacy and materials industries due to its advantages such as excellent stability,convenient regulation,environment protection and low cost.In view of preparation and stability of Pickering emulsions,the preparation methods of Pickering emulsions were reviewed systematically.Then,the pattern and research progress of solid emulsifier particles were sketched.Besides,the stability mechanism of Pickering emulsions were revealed.Furthermore,the influencing factors on stability of Pickering emulsions were analyzed.And then,the existing problems of Pickering emulsions were discussed.Finally,the development trends of Pickering emulsions were outlooked.In future,the progress of Pickering emulsion were mainly shown in the following three aspects.①The cheap,environment-friendly and reused Pickering emulsions with unmodified or modified natural solid nanoparticles were realized.②The intelligent responsive Pickering emulsions(temperature,pH,magnetic and other response types)were applied in preparation of materials,slowly release or recovery of substance,catalytic reaction and so on.③The structure of solid emulsifier particles and emulsions were accurately controlled,and the systemized theory of emulsions preparation was established through deeply investigating the stability mechanism of Pickering emulsions.