区块链电子取证技术的公安应用及法律规制研究

Research on Public Security Application and Legal Regulation of Blockchain Electronic Forensics Technology

区块链技术作为一种去中心化的分布式账本技术,具有防止证据篡改,实现证据可追溯性的特点,有力契合了公安机关取证工作的需要。本文通过对公安机关应用区块链电子技术的实践价值和理论风险的分析,论证了区块链取证和区块链存证所面临的实践问题。以实际案例探讨区块链电子取证技术的可行路径,构想了公安机关区块链电子取证平台方案,并结合平台建设和运营中的关键技术和难点问题,提出具体的应用场景方案和推广建议。针对上链前、上链中、上链后的取证核心程序,归纳以“技术自证”为核心的电子数据证据鉴真规则,补齐“技治主义”治理规则,制定电子数据的非法证据排除规则,构建去中心化的“司法+联盟链”办案系统。

Blockchain technology,as a decentralized distributed ledger technology,has the characteristics of preventing evidence tampering and achieving evidence traceability,which effectively meets the needs of public security organs for obtaining evidence.Through the analysis of the practical value and theoretical risk of the application of blockchain electronic technology in public security organs,this paper demonstrates the practical problems faced by blockchain forensics and blockchain storage.Based on actual cases,the feasible path of blockchain electronic forensics technology is discussed,the blockchain electronic forensics platform scheme of public security organs is conceived,and the key technologies and difficulties in platform construction and operation are combined to put forward specific application scenario schemes and promotion suggestions.For the core procedures of forensics before,during and after the chain,the electronic data evidence authentication rules with"technology self-proof"as the core are summarized,the"technocratic"governance rules are supplemented,the illegal evidence exclusion rules of electronic data are formulated,and a decentralized"justice+alliance chain"case handling system is built.