木材变形开裂影响因素及防开裂措施研究进展

Research Progress in Influencing Factors to Wood Deformation and Cracking and Anti-cracking Measures

木材作为一种可再生和循环利用的绿色材料,已被广泛应用于家具、建筑等领域。近年来,随着木材资源供需矛盾加剧,木材资源的高效利用已成为目前的研究热点。然而,木材的构造、内应力等引起的变形开裂严重影响了其使用寿命和应用价值,因此研究木材变形开裂的原因及其应对措施具有重要意义。文中从木材微观构造和宏观构造及生长和干燥应力角度重点探讨了木材变形开裂的根源,并综述热处理、填充处理和化学改性等木材开裂防控措施的研究进展;最后对该研究进行展望,旨在进一步明确木材变形开裂的发生机制,为解决实际生产中的木材变形开裂问题提供理论依据和科学指导。

As a renewable and recyclable green material,wood has been widely used in the fields of furniture,construction,etc.In recent years,with the intensified conflicts between the supply and the demand of timber,the efficient use of timber resources has become a research hotspot.However,deformation and cracking caused by structure and internal stress of wood heavily affect its service life and application value.Therefore,it is important to study the causes of wood deformation and cracking as well as the anti-cracking measures.This paper discusses the causes of wood deformation and cracking from the perspectives of microstructure,macrostructure,growth stress,and drying stress,and summarizes the research progress in anti-cracking measures for wood,including heat treatments,filling treatments,and chemical modifications.At the end,this paper presents the future research directions,with the aim to further clarify the mechanisms behind wood deformation and cracking and to provide a theoretical basis of and the scientific solution to wood deformation and cracking encountered in production.