历史记忆与文学叙事之间——论莫迪亚诺《多拉·布吕代》的记忆文化建构

Between Historical Memory and Literary Narration:On the Construction of Memory Culture in Modiano’s Dora Bruder

《多拉·布吕代》是诺贝尔文学奖法国作家帕特里克·莫迪亚诺历十年之功而写就的代表力作。莫迪亚诺以记忆的艺术手法,追述了以“他者”即多拉·布吕代这一平凡弱小的历史人物为代表的犹太人在第二次世界大战法国被占领时期的人生经历,从而深刻揭示了难以捉摸的人类命运和一段被模糊化的历史。莫迪亚诺《多拉·布吕代》的记忆文化建构具体呈现在历史碎片的积淀与文学创作的契机、历史文本的整合与文学文本的映射、历史记忆的呈现与文学书写的勾连之中。处在历史记忆与文学叙事的间性结构下,莫迪亚诺形成了以新历史主义式的文学创作为通路的记忆文化建构。

Dora Bruder is a representative work by the French Nobel Prize-winning writer Patrick Modiano,which he crafted over a decade.Employing the artistic technique of memory,Modiano traces the life experience of the Jews,represented by“the other”,an ordinary and vulnerable historical figure Dora Bruder,during the German occupation of France in World War II.Through this narrative,he profoundly reveals the elusive human destiny and a segment of history that has been obscured.Modiano’s construction of memory culture in“Dora Bruder”is concretely manifested in the accumulation of historical fragments and the opportunity for literary creation,the integration of historical texts and the reflection in literary texts,and the presentation of historical memory intertwined with literary writing.Positioned within the interstitial structure of historical memory and literary narration,Modiano develops a construction of memory culture through the New Historicist mode of literary creation.