冷冻扫描电镜制样方法及其在含水样品中的应用

Sample preparation by Cryo-scanning electron microscopy and its application in hydrated samples

常规扫描电镜要求所观察的样品必须干燥、无水,而一些含水样品在干燥过程中会发生结构变化,无法真实反映样品的结构信息。冷冻扫描电镜无需对样品进行干燥处理,可以直接分析含水样品表面、界面和内部结构,是研究高度含水样品的强有力工具。样品的制样方法在冷冻扫描电镜技术中占有重要地位,它直接关系到样品真实形貌特征的反映和对超微结构的正确解读。本文综述了冷冻扫描电镜的制样方法,并阐述冷冻扫描电镜技术在天然气水合物、微生物、乳液、水凝胶、动植物等含水样品中的应用。

The sample studied by conventional scanning electron microscope should be in dried state.However,the drying process of a sample can result in the change of its microstructure.Cryo-scanning electron microscopy(Cryo-SEM)is a powerful tool for studying highly hydrated samples because it can directly analyze the surface,interface and internal structure of water-contained samples without drying the samples.The sample preparation method plays an important role in Cryo-SEM,which directly affect the observation effect and the interpretation of an image.In this work,the sample preparation method of Cryo-SEM and the application of gas hydrate,microbial,emulsions,hydrogels,plant,animal were described.