航空发动机OEI应急工况模拟试验方法研究

Study on Simulation Test Methods of OEI Emergency Conditions of Aero-engines

本文针对旋翼航空器单台发动机不工作(One Engine Inoperative,OEI)工况进行了模拟试验方法研究,重点研究了两种热加载试验技术,即感应线圈加热试验方法和热模拟电阻加热试验方法。首先,进行了感应加热和热模拟电阻加热的热-力加载性能测试,明确了两种试验方法的技术特点。其次,通过对某种典型镍基高温合金在两种加热方式下进行OEI模拟试验研究,分析了在两种加热方式下OEI对材料性能的影响,评估和比较了感应加热和热模拟电阻加热的OEI工况试验模拟效果。结果表明,由于热模拟电阻加热方法有控温精度高的优点,并且可在试样表面形成较大的均温区,因此能够更好地模拟OEI工况。相比之下,感应加热方法易在试样表面引入较大的热梯度,从而影响测温的一致性,并可能造成较大的热应力,导致OEI工况模拟的效果欠佳。因此推荐采用热模拟机试验方法作为OEI工况模拟的首选方法。

This study aims to investigate simulation test methods for one engine inoperative conditions of aero-engines,and two kinds of thermal loading test techniques are studied,with a focus on the induction coil heating test method and the thermal simulator heating test method.The research began with conducting thermodynamic-mechanics tests on the induction coil and thermal simulator,and the technical characteristics of the two experimental methods were clarified.Subsequently,through simulation and experiments on a typical nickel-based super alloy under both equipment,the impact of OEI on material properties under two heating methods was analyzed,and the applicability of induction heater and thermal simulators in simulating OEI conditions was compared.The research results indicate that the thermal simulator has the advantage of high-temperature control precision,and can form a large uniform temperature zone on the surface of the specimen.This makes it better suited for simulating the OEI condition.In contrast,the induction coil is difficult to avoid introducing a large thermal gradient on the specimen surface,which affects the temperature control accuracy and may cause large thermal stress,leading to poor simulation effect of OEI working conditions.Therefore,the thermal simulator test method is recommended as the first choice for simulating OEI conditions.