1990-2020年长三角地区生境质量与夜间灯光的空间关系

Spatial Relationship Between Habitat Quality and Night Light in the Yangtze River Delta Region from 1990 to 2020

基于1990-2020年长三角地区的土地利用数据和夜间灯光数据,运用InVEST生境质量评估模型、双变量空间自相关、相关系数对生境质量与夜间灯光的时空关系进行研究,并应用地理加权回归和归纳法分析两者的响应规律,结果表明:(1)浙江省总体上生境最优且城镇发展最快,安徽省在城镇快速发展的同时生境相对下降最少,生境质量和夜间灯光空间分布格局呈现出与区位、地形等因素的空间耦合性。(2)长三角地区生境质量与夜间灯光指数随着时间的发展空间上的依赖性越来越强,聚类模式主要为高-低、低-高及低-低3种。高-低聚类区域主要分布在浙江省和安徽省的南部、西部的山地丘陵,研究期内呈现缩小的趋势;低-高聚类区域在长三角东部平原区呈集聚分布、北部平原丘陵区呈零散分布,呈现扩张趋势。(3)不同年份各省份生境质量与夜间灯光指数呈显著负相关,且经济越发达的省份,生境质量与夜间灯光指数的负相关关系越强;生境质量与夜间灯光指数呈高度负相关的区县主要分布在长江下游沿岸和浙江省东部,相关性不显著的区县主要分布在安徽省、江苏省的北部,变化类型以负相关关系持续增强型占比最高。(4)生境质量与夜间灯光指数的相关关系随着城市发展呈U型变化,即随着城市发展,生境质量与夜间灯光指数的负相关关系先增强后下降。研究结果可为长三角城市可持续发展、生境调控提供前期基础。

Based on the land use data and night light data of the Yangtze River Delta Region from 1990 to 2020,the temporal and spatial relationship between habitat quality and night light was studied by using the InVEST habitat quality assessment model,bivariate spatial autocorrelation and correlation coefficient,and the response rule of habitat quality and night light index was analyzed by geographical weighted regression and induction method.Four main results were presented.First,on the whole,Zhejiang Province had the best habitat quality and the fastest urban development rate,while Anhui Province had the least habitat quality decline with the rapid urban development,and the spatial distribution pattern of habitat quality and night light showed spatial coupling with location and terrain.Second,habitat quality and night light index in the Yangtze River Delta region were more and more spatially-dependent from 1990 to 2020,and the spatial clustering modes of habitat quality and night light index in the Yangtze River Delta Region were mainly high(habitat quality)-low(night light),low(habitat quality)-high(night light)and low(habitat quality)-low(night light),the high-low clustering regions were mainly distribut-ed in the mountains and hills in the south and southwest of the Region with a decreasing trend and the low-high clustering region showed a concentrated distribution in the eastern plain and a scattered distribution in the northern plain and hilly region of the Region with an expanding trend.Third,there was a significant negative correlation between habitat quality and night light index in different years of the Yangtze River Delta provinces and cities,and the more developed the economy,the stronger the negative correlation between habitat quality and night light index,at the same time,the districts and counties with high negative correlation between habitat quality and night light index were mainly distributed in the lower Yangtze River and eastern Zhejiang Province,while the districts and counties with no significant correlation were mainly distributed in Anhui Province and northern Jiangsu Province,the negative correlation with continuous increase accounted for the highest propor-tion.Fourth,the correlation between habitat quality and night light index changed in U-shape with urban development which means the negative correlation between habitat quality and night light index increased first and then decreased with urban development.The results can provide a preliminary basis for sustainable urban development and habitat regulation in the Yangtze River Delta.