山西省吕梁市黄河沿岸农村老年人生存质量现状及影响因素分析

Analysis on the Quality of Life of the Elderly and Its Influencing Factors in Rural Areas Along the Yellow River in Lüliang City,Shanxi Province

目的了解吕梁市黄河沿岸农村老年人的生存质量现状并分析其影响因素。方法分层随机抽取吕梁市黄河沿岸农村665名老年人为研究对象,运用生存质量测定量表简表(WHOQOL-BREF)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、老年人抑郁简表(GDS-15)和WHO-5幸福感指数量表进行问卷调查,并采用体格测试及医学检查等手段获取研究对象的生化指标。结果吕梁市黄河沿岸农村老年人的生存质量总分为(50.75±5.11)分;不同BMI水平和心理症状的调查对象生存质量总分差异存在统计学意义(P<0.05)。相关分析显示,BMI、焦虑、抑郁、幸福指数与生存质量总分相关(P<0.05)。多元线性回归分析显示,老年人生存质量的显著影响因素有BMI水平、焦虑症状、抑郁症状和幸福指数(P<0.05)。结论吕梁市黄河沿岸农村老年人的生存质量需进一步改善,BMI以及抑郁、焦虑、幸福指数等心理健康水平是影响老年人生存质量的重要因素。

Objective To understand the present situation of the quality of life of the elderly in Rural Areas along the Yellow River in Lüliang,and analyze its influencing factors.Methods A total of 665 elderly people were randomly selected as the research objects,and were conducted a questionnaire survey by the Short Form of Quality of Life Scale(WHOQOL-BREF),Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS),Short Form of Depression for the Elderly(GDS-15)and WHO-5 Happiness Index Scale,and the biochemical indexes of the research objects were obtained by means of physical examination and medical examination.Results The total score of the quality of life of the elderly was(50.75±5.11),and there was statistical significance(P<0.05)in comparing the respondents with different BMI levels and psychological symptoms.Correlation analysis showed that BMI,anxiety,depression and happiness were correlated with the total score of quality of life(P<0.05).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that BMI level,anxiety symptoms,depression symptoms and happiness index were the significant influencing factors for the quality of life of the elderly(P<0.05).Conclusion The quality of life of the elderly needs to be further improved.BMI,depression,anxiety and happiness index are important factors affecting the quality of life of the elderly.