物质循环视角下的“可持续漂浮城市”解析——以BIG事务所“Oceanix City”方案为例

Analysis of"Sustainable Floating City"from the Perspective of Material Circulation:Taking Big's Oceanix City Project as an Example

随着时代发展,现代城市正面临着土地短缺、住房紧张、能源枯竭以及海平面上升等一系列问题。因而探索陆地之外的生存空间,进而缓解多种城市问题是人们长久以来的愿景。近年来,联合国人居署提出可持续发展的漂浮城市概念,并由BIG事务所设计了世界上第一个弹性化和可持续的漂浮城市原型——Oceanix City。该城市通过引入城市农业,配置能量、水分、养分等循环系统实现最大限度自给自足,满足居民日常生活需求,达到可持续发展的目标。文章运用文献研究法梳理了从漂浮建筑、漂浮社区到漂浮城市的发展历程,并以“Oceanix City”方案为案例分析对象,从物质循环视角入手解析方案的规划设计与建造、循环系统的运作等方面,总结得出拓展海上空间、引入城市农业并构建物质循环系统是应对上述城市问题的有效方式,以期为未来城市的可持续发展提供启示。

With the development of era,modern cities are facing a series of problems such as land shortage,housing shortage,energy exhaustion and sea level rise.Therefore,exploring the living space outside the land,and then alleviating various urban problems is a long-term vision of people.In recent years,UN-Habitat proposed the concept of sustainable floating city,and BIG designed the world's first flexible and sustainable floating city prototype—Oceanix City.Through the introduction of urban agriculture,the city allocates energy,water,nutrients and other circulation systems to maximize self-sufficiency,meet the daily needs of residents,and achieve the goal of sustainable development.This paper uses the literature research method to sort out the development process from floating buildings,floating communities to floating cities,and takes the"Oceanix City"project as the case analysis object to analyze the planning,design and construction of the project and the operation of the recycling system from the perspective of material circulation.It is concluded that expanding sea space,introducing urban agriculture and building material circulation system are effective ways to deal with the above-mentioned urban problems,in order to provide inspiration for the sustainable development of future cities.