基于HHO的跨流域调水工程受水区水资源优化配置研究

Optimal Allocation of Water Resources in Intake Area of Interbasin Water Diversion Projects Based on HHO

跨流域调水工程是解决我国水资源时空分布不均和缓解水资源供需矛盾的重要措施。山东省黄水东调工程、引黄济青工程和胶东调水工程是缓解胶东地区潍坊、青岛、烟台、威海四市水资源紧缺问题的重要跨流域调水工程。为充分发挥调水工程社会和经济效益,在考虑受水区缺水量、工程输水能力及沿途分水口门设计流量等基础上,以受水区四市综合缺水率最小和调水工程经济效益最大为双目标,构建了胶东地区跨流域调水工程水资源优化配置模型,采用哈里斯鹰优化算法(HHO)求得现状水平年和规划水平年在50%、75%和95%频率时3种不同目标协调机制(以综合缺水率最小为主导、以调水工程经济效益最大为主导及两目标均衡)16个分水口门的调水方案。结果表明:(1)通过调水工程调引黄河水和长江水,使四市缺水量大幅减少;(2)当经济效益目标所占比重越大时,计量水价越高的分水口门供水量越大;(3)从三个调水工程利用程度来看,黄水东调工程利用程度最高,其次为引黄济青工程和胶东调水工程。本文为山东省胶东地区跨流域调水工程的水资源配置提供了决策支持。

Inter-basin water diversion projects are important measure to solve the problem of uneven temporal and spatial distribution of water resources and alleviate the contradiction between supply and demand of water resources.The Yellow River East Diversion Project,Yellow River to Qingdao Diversion Project and Jiaodong Water Diversion Project in Shandong Province are important inter-basin water diversion projects to alleviate the shortage of water resources in Weifang,Qingdao,Yantai and Weihai in Jiaodong area.In order to give full play to the social and economic benefits of the water diversion projects,based on the water shortage in the intake area,the water conveyance capacity of projects,and the designed discharges of the water diversion outlets,the optimal allocation model of water resources for the inter-basin water diversion projects in Jiaodong area is constructed with the minimum comprehensive water shortage rate and the maximum economic benefit of the water diversion projects.The Harris Hawks Optimization(HHO)is used to obtain the water diversion schemes of 16 water diversion outlets under three different targets(with the minimum comprehensive water shortage rate as the leading factor,the maximum economic benefit of the water diversion projects as the leading factor and the two-objective equilibrium)at 50%,75%and 95%frequencies in the current level year and the planning level years.The results show that:(1)the water shortages of the four cities are greatly reduced by diverting the Yellow River water and the Yangtze River water through the water diversion projects;(2)when the proportion of economic benefit target is larger,the higher the water price is,the greater the water supply of the water diversion outlet is;(3)in terms of the utilization degree of the three water diversion projects,the Yellow River East Diversion Project is the highest,followed by the Yellow River to Qingdao Diversion Project and Jiaodong Water Diversion Project.This paper provides decision support for the water resources allocation of the inter-basin water diversion project in Jiaodong area.