青海省老年人智能手机使用压力、自我效能感与主观幸福感的现状及关系研究

Current situation and related research on the pressure,self-efficacy and subjective well-being of the elderly using smartphones in Qinghai Province

[目的]了解青海省老年人智能手机使用压力、自我效能感与主观幸福感的现状及相关因素.[方法]选取340名青海省60岁以上老年人,使用智能手机使用压力量表、一般自我效能感量表、费城老年中心(PGC)信心量表进行问卷调查,探究青海省老年人智能手机使用压力、自我效能感和主观幸福感现状及三者之间的关系,并对三者现状进行影响因素分析.[结果]青海省老年人(n=340)存在一定程度的智能手机使用压力;自我效能感与国际成人常模相比较差[(28.6±5.2)vs(22.64±5.61)];主观幸福感及其中因子与先前研究常模相比较差[(17.9±3.95)vs(12.58±5.71)].多元线性回归分析显示,青海省老年人年龄与智能手机使用压力总分正向关联(β=0.24),受教育程度、智能手机的使用频率与智能手机使用压力总分负向关联(β=-0.72、-0.54);青海省老年人性别、智能手机使用压力与自我效能感总分负向关联(β=-2.06、-0.74);青海省老年人月收入、自我效能感与主观幸福感总分正向关联(β=0.84、0.22).

Understand the current situation and related factors of smartphone usage pressure,self-efficacy,and subjective well-being among elderly people in Qinghai Province.Method:340 elderly people aged 60 and above in Qinghai Province were selected to conduct a questionnaire survey using the smartphone usage pressure scale,general self-efficacy scale,and Philadelphia Geriatric Center(PGC)confidence scale.The survey explored the current situation of smartphone usage pressure,self-efficacy,and subjective well-being among Qinghai elderly people,as well as the relationship between the three,and analyzed the influencing factors of the three.Result:Qinghai elderly people(n=340)have a certain degree of smartphone usage pressure;Compared with the international adult norm,self-efficacy is relatively poor[(28.6±5.2)vs(22.64±5.61)];Subjective well-being and its influencing factors were relatively poor compared to the previous research norm[(17.9±395)vs(12.58±5.71).Multiple linear regression analysis shows a positive correlation between the age of elderly people in Qinghai and the total score of smartphone usage pressure(β=0.24),education level,frequency of smartphone usage,and total score of smartphone usage pressure are negatively correlated(β=-1.72,-0.54);Negative correlation between gender,smartphone usage pressure,and total self-efficacy scores among elderly people in Qinghai(β=-2.06,-0.74);Positive correlation between monthly income,self-efficacy,and total subjective well-being scores of elderly people in Qinghai(β=0.84,0.22).