重油催化裂解在炼化企业布局影响因素研究

Factors Influencing the Installation of Heavy Oil Deep Catalytic Cracking Unit in Refining and Petrochemical Enterprises

随着我国炼化产业的快速发展,原油一次能力已接近10×10^(8)t/a,但汽柴油消费总量受经济结构转型、新能源替代等因素影响,汽油需求量即将达峰,柴油需求量已呈现下降趋势。与之相对应的,乙烯、丙烯的下游化工产品未来仍有一定增长空间。重油催化裂解装置相较常规催化裂化可大幅减少汽柴油产量、增产化工原料,已成为炼化企业实现“减油增化”转型升级的重要路径之一。在具体项目布局规划时,由于炼化企业装置结构、所处地域市场条件等情况不同,分析企业是否适宜布局该装置是决策者的主要难点。结合催化裂解技术特点,总结分析了“企业所在地油品过剩程度、减油增化程度、化工品目标市场、资源利用程度、苯资源平衡、催化裂解原料性质、存量资产利用程度、投资回报率”共八项影响重油催化裂解项目决策实施的主要因素,为投资决策者提供支持依据。

With the rapid development of China′s refining and petrochemical industry,the primary processing capacity of crude oil has been close to 1 billion t/a.However,the total consumption of gasoline and diesel oil is influenced by economic restructuring,new energy substitution and other factors,the gasoline demand is about to reach its peak,and the diesel demand has shown a downward trend.Correspondingly,the downstream chemical products of ethylene and propylene still have some room for growth in the future.Compared with conventional catalytic cracking,deep catalytic cracking of heavy oil can greatly reduce the output of gasoline and diesel oil and increase the production of chemical raw materials.It has become one of the important paths for refining and petrochemical enterprises to reduce the output of refined oil products and increase chemical products.During the layout planning of a specific project,analyzing whether it is appropriate for a refining and petrochemical enterprise to install this unit is the main difficulty for decision makers due to the differences in unit configuration and local market conditions.Combined with the characteristics of deep catalytic cracking technology,eight main factors affecting the decision-making and implementation of heavy oil deep catalytic cracking projects are summarized and analyzed,including the degree of oil surplus at the location of enterprise,the degree of refined oil product reduction and chemical product increase,the target market of chemicals,the degree of resource utilization,the balance of benzene resources,the properties of deep catalytic cracking raw materials,the utilization degree of stock assets,and the return on investment,providing support for investment decision makers.