磷酸铁锂电池生命周期资源耗竭特征化研究

Research on the Characterization of Life Cycle Resource Depletion of Lithium Iron Phosphate Batteries

磷酸铁锂(LFP)电池产量在我国处于领先地位,伴随着其产量的增加,资源耗竭潜力日渐增大,有必要对LFP电池的资源消耗强度进行评估。目前生命周期评价影响评价过程中有众多资源耗竭特征化方法。在本研究中,选取非生物资源耗竭潜值(ADP)、人为储量扩展的非生物资源耗竭潜值(AADP)、盈余矿石潜力(SOP)、热力学稀有度(TheRy)和累计㶲需求(CExD)五种方法评价LFP电池的资源消耗情况。结果表明:LFP电池生产过程的ADP值为2.29E-01 kg Sb eq,其中BMS制备过程的贡献最高,占85.24%,金为主要贡献资源;AADP值为2.38E-03 kg Sb eq,电池正极制备过程的贡献最高,占50.75%,镉为主要贡献资源;SOP值为1.26E+01 kg Cu eq,电池负极制备过程和正极制备过程的贡献均较高,分别占48.53%和44.82%,锂和石墨为主要贡献资源;TheRy值为3.18E+03 MJ,电池正极制备过程的贡献最高,占55.40%,铝和锂为主要贡献资源;CExD值为2.91E+02 MJ,电池负极制备过程的贡献最高,占56.19%,铜为主要贡献资源。

Lithium iron phosphate(LFP)battery production is at the forefront in China.along with the increasing production of LFP batteries,the potential for resource depletion is growing.It is necessary to assess the resource consumption intensity of LFP batteries.Currently,there are various methods for characterizing resource depletion in the life cycle assessment impact assessment process.In this study,five methods were selected to evaluate the resource consumption of LFP batteries:abiotic depletion potential(ADP),abiotic depletion potential with anthropogenic resource extension(AADP),surplus ore po-tential(SOP),thermodynamic rarity(TheRy),and cumulative exergy demand(CExD).The results indicate:The ADP value of the LFP battery production process is 2.29E-01 kg Sb eq,with the highest contribution coming from the BMS preparation process,accounting for 85.24%,with gold as the main contrib-uting resource.The AADP value is 2.38E-03 kg Sb eq,with the highest contribution from the positive electrode preparation process,accounting for 50.75%,with cadmium as the main contributing resource.The SOP value is 1.26E+01 kg Cu eq,the contribution of negative electrode preparation process and pos-itive electrode preparation process is higher,accounting for 48.53%and 44.82%respectively,lithium and graphite are the main contribution resources.The TheRy value is 3.18E+03 MJ,with the highest contribution from the positive electrode preparation process,accounting for 55.40%,with aluminum and lith-ium as the main contributing resources.The CExD value of 2.91E+02 MJ,with the highest contribution from the negative electrode preparation process,ac-counting for 56.19%,with copper is the main contributing resource.