高新技术制造业税收优惠对企业创新产出影响机制与效应研究

Research on the Impact Mechanism and Effect of Tax Incentives on Enterprise Innovation Output in High-tech Manufacturing Industry

高新技术制造业是当今世界经济发展的重要领域之一,对于提高国家创新能力、推动产业升级、促进经济增长具有重要作用。本研究选取2015年至2021年间A股上市的903家高新技术企业,共获得6321个样本数据,利用有调节的中介效应模型研究高新技术制造业税收优惠对企业创新产出的激励效应,以及研发投入的中介效应和审计意见、监管评价的调节效应。研究表明,针对高新技术制造业的税收优惠可以显著提升企业创新产出,且税收优惠对监管意见较好的企业有更显著的激励效应。同时,税收优惠通过加大高新技术企业科技创新投入促进企业研发产出,从而发挥企业研发投入的中介作用。企业审计评价对研发投入的中介路径仅能在前半路径表现出调节效应,而在后半段路径不能表现出调节效应,监管评价对研发投入的中介路径在前后路径均表现出调节效应。高新技术制造业的发展推动着整个制造业的转型升级和创新发展。因此,深入研究高新技术制造业企业税收优惠、研发投入和监管评价对创新产出的影响,有助于掌握该领域的发展趋势和规律,对于优化产业结构、提升综合国力至关重要。

Nowadays,high-tech manufacturing industry is one of the important fields in the development of the world economy,which plays an important role in enhancing national innovation ability and promoting industrial upgrading and economic growth.This study selects 9o3 high-tech enterprises listed on A-share market from 2015 to 2021,obtaining 6321 sample data totally.Using the mediation model with moderation,this paper investigates the incentive effect of tax preferences for high-tech manufacturing industry on enterprise innovation output,as well as the mediating effect of R&D(Research and Development)investment and the moderating effect of audit opinions and supervision evaluations.The research shows that tax preferences for high-tech manufacturing industry can increase enterprise innovation output significantly,and tax preferences have a more significant incentive effect on enterprises with better supervision opinions.At the same time,tax preferences promote R&D output of enterprises by increasing investment in technological innovation of high-tech enterprises,playing a mediating role in enterprise R&D investment.The intermediate path of enterprise audit evaluation on R&D investment shows moderating effect in the path of first half,but not in the path of second half.The moderating evaluation on the intermediary path of R&D investment shows moderating effect in both front and back paths.The development of hightech manufacturing industry promotes the transformation upgrading and innovative development of the entire manufacturing industry.Therefore,in-depth research of the impact of tax preferences,R&D investment,and supervision evaluation on innovation output in high-tech manufacturing enterprises can help to grasp the development trend and rules of this field,which is crucial for optimizing industrial structure and enhancing comprehensive national strength.