不同种植密度对籽秆兼用工业大麻农艺性状和产量的影响

Effects of Different Planting Densities on the Agronomic Characters and Yield of Dual-Purpose(Seed and Stalk)Industrial Hemp

为了掌握籽秆兼用工业大麻在云南省大理地区生产适宜的种植密度,选用云麻7号为试验材料,进行5个种植密度(1、2、3、4、5万株/hm^(2))的比较试验,研究其对工业大麻农艺性状、麻籽产量及麻秆产量等的影响。结果表明:种植密度影响云麻7号种子的成熟期,密植的比稀植的大约提早2 d。低密度种植,雌麻的比例较高,而高密度种植,雌雄比例基本达到1∶1。雄麻株高是在5万株/hm^(2)密度下最高,为343.5 cm,而其茎粗和分枝数均是在1万株/hm^(2)密度下最粗或最多,分别为29.9 cm和32.6个。雄麻的单株花叶和麻秆重量也在1万株/hm^(2)密度下最高,分别为0.10、0.43 kg/株。而雄麻花叶产量最高是在4万株/hm^(2)种植密度下,为863.33 kg/hm^(2),其次是5万株/hm^(2)种植密度下的846.33 kg/hm^(2)。同样,雄麻麻秆产量最高是在4万株/hm^(2)种植密度下,为4081.33 kg/hm^(2),其次是5万株/hm^(2)种植密度下的3662.33 kg/hm^(2)。雌麻株高是在5万株/hm^(2)密度下最高,为330.5 cm,而茎粗和分枝数均是在1万株/hm^(2)密度下最粗或最多,分别为30.8 mm和18.5个。雌麻的单株麻籽和麻秆重量均在1万株/hm^(2)密度下最高,分别为0.16、0.56 kg/株,其次为5万株/hm^(2)的。雌麻麻秆产量最高是在5万株/hm^(2)种植密度下,为8438.90 kg/hm^(2)。最终,麻秆总产量和麻籽产量是在5万株/hm^(2)种植密度下最高,分别为12101.23 kg/hm^(2)和1438.10 kg/hm^(2)。综合考虑麻籽和麻秆产量,得出云麻7号在云南省大理地区作为籽秆兼用工业大麻种植的适宜密度为5万株/hm^(2)。

In order to understand the suitable planting density for the production of dual-purpose in-dustrial hemp in Dali,Yunnan Province,this study selected Yunma 7 as the experimental material and conducted comparative experiments on five planting densities(10000,20000,30000,40000,and 50000 plants/hm^(2))to study their effects on the agronomic characteristics,seed yield,and stem yield of industrial hemp.The results showed that planting density affected the seed maturity period of Yunma 7,with densely planted seeds about 2 days earlier than sparsely planted ones.Low density planting results in a higher proportion of female hemp,while high density planting results in a basic male to female ratio of 1∶1.The highest height of male hemp plants is 343.5 cm at a density of 50000 plants/hm^(2).The thic-kest stem diameter was 29.9 cm and the most branch number of male hemp was 32.6 at a density of 10000 plants/hm^(2).The leaves and stems weight of single plant of male hemp also reached the highest at a density of 10000 plants/hm^(2),i.e.0.10 and 0.43 kg/plant,respectively.The highest leaves yield of male hemp is 863.33 kg/hm^(2)under the planting density of 40000 plants/hm^(2),followed by 846.33 kg/hm^(2)under the planting density of 50000 plants/hm^(2).Similarly,the highest stem yield of male hemp was 4081.33 kg/hm^(2)at a planting density of 40000 plants/hm^(2),followed by 3662.33 kg/hm^(2)at a planting density of 50000 plants/hm^(2).For female hemp,the plant height is the highest at a density of 50000 plants/hm^(2),at 330.5 cm,while the stem diameter and branch number are the thickest or most at a density of 10000 plants/hm^(2),at 30.8 mm and 18.5,respectively.The seed and stem weight of single plant of female hemp is the highest at a density of 10000 plants/hm^(2),with 0.16 and 0.56 kg/plant,respectively,followed by 50000 plants/hm^(2).The highest stem yield of female hemp is at a planting density of 50000 plants/hm^(2),which is 8438.90 kg/hm^(2).The total stem and seeds yield of hemp were also the highest at a planting density of 50000 plants/hm^(2),at 12101.23 kg/hm^(2)and 1438.10 kg/hm^(2),respectively.Taking into account the seeds and stem yield of hemp,it is concluded that the suitable density for planting Yunma 7 as a seed and stalk industrial hemp plant in Dali,Yunnan Province is 50000 plants/hm^(2)