外源硅对工业大麻生长及生理特性的影响

Influence of Exogenous Silicon on the Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Industrial Hemp

为了明确外源硅对工业大麻生长的影响,研究以工业大麻品种云麻7号为材料,采用盆栽的方法,研究5个不同浓度(4、8、12、16、20 g/L)硅酸钠(Na_(2)SiO_(3)9H_(2)O)叶面喷施处理对工业大麻农艺性状、生理特性的影响以及硅在大麻植株中的含量分布。结果表明:施用硅酸钠可不同程度提高工业大麻的株高、茎粗和生物量;同时,硅酸钠能够增强大麻叶片的光合作用,提高其超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)的活性以及渗透调节物质的积累。其中,以12 g/L硅酸钠处理促进工业大麻生长的效果最佳。最后,通过对大麻植株各部位硅含量分析发现,叶面喷施硅酸钠处理后,硅主要富集于大麻叶片,且随着硅酸钠处理浓度的增加,硅在大麻各部位的含量也呈增加趋势。以上结果表明,外源硅能够影响工业大麻生长与生理活动。研究结果将为工业大麻合理地施用硅肥提供科学依据。

In order to clarify the effect of exogenous silicon on the growth of industrial hemp,the va-riety Yunma 7 was used as the material in this study.The potting experiment was designed to explore the effects of five different concentrations(4,8,12,16,20 g/L)of sodium silicate treatment on industrial hemp(Na_(2)SiO_(3)9H_(2)O)by foliar spraying.The agronomic traits and physiological characteristics of in-dustrial hemp,as well as the content distribution of silicon in hemp plant were evaluated.The results showed that the plant height,stem diameter and biomass of industrial hemp could be increased at differ-ent degrees by the application of sodium silicate.At the same time,sodium silicate treatments could en-hance the photosynthesis of hemp leaves,improve the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxi-dase(POD)and increase the accumulation of osmoregulation substances in hemp leaves.Moreover,12 g/L sodium silicate treatment had the best effect on promoting the growth of industrial hemp.Finally,through the analysis of silicon content in various parts of hemp plant,it was found that silicon was mainly enriched in hemp leaves after foliar application of sodium silicate,and with the increase of sodium sili-125 cate concentration,silicon content in various parts of hemp plant also showed an increasing trend.The a-bove results indicated that exogenous silicon could affect the growth and physiological activities of indus-trial hemp.The results will also provide scientific basis for the rational application of silicon fertilizer in industrial hemp.